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The clinical and X-ray findings in 20 cases with pulmonary embolism are reported. The chief symptoms of this disease are chest pain, eaugh, hemoptysis and dyspnea. Roentgenographic findings include the shadow appears in pulmonary field(18/20), pleural effusion (6/20), decrease of lung markings(3/20)and elevation of the diaphragm, etc. A triangular-appearing infiltration with it base contiguous to a visceral pleural surfacc(so-called Hampton's hump)are clearly visible(2/20). Usually a correct diagnosis could... The clinical and X-ray findings in 20 cases with pulmonary embolism are reported. The chief symptoms of this disease are chest pain, eaugh, hemoptysis and dyspnea. Roentgenographic findings include the shadow appears in pulmonary field(18/20), pleural effusion (6/20), decrease of lung markings(3/20)and elevation of the diaphragm, etc. A triangular-appearing infiltration with it base contiguous to a visceral pleural surfacc(so-called Hampton's hump)are clearly visible(2/20). Usually a correct diagnosis could be made bycombination of clinical and roentgenotogical findings. 本文报告了20例肺栓塞病的临床及胸部X线片所见。其主要症状为胸痛、咳嗽、咯血及呼吸困难。胸片表现为肺内出现阴影(18/20)、胸腔积液(6/20)、肺纹理纤细减少(3/20)及横膈升高等。而基底面向胸膜的楔形阴影(所谓Hamptom' Shump)的典型征象仅2例。一般,结合临床及X线表现可作出正确诊断。 The analysis were performed on the colour flow Doppler echocardiographic features of congenital double chambered right ventricle (DCRV). In 7 cases, the parasternal short axis view at the level of aortic root revealed the anomalous tongue-shaped right ventricular muscle mass proturding from the aortic side into the cavity of right ventricle (RV) which was over against the wedge-shaped muscle mass protruding from the anterior wall of the RV. In 6 cases, the apical four chamber view revealed two local tongue-shaped... The analysis were performed on the colour flow Doppler echocardiographic features of congenital double chambered right ventricle (DCRV). In 7 cases, the parasternal short axis view at the level of aortic root revealed the anomalous tongue-shaped right ventricular muscle mass proturding from the aortic side into the cavity of right ventricle (RV) which was over against the wedge-shaped muscle mass protruding from the anterior wall of the RV. In 6 cases, the apical four chamber view revealed two local tongue-shaped muscle masses protruding from the free wall of the RV and the middle portion of IVS respectively. The protruding muscle masses of the RV and the IVS divided the cavity of the RV into two chambers, a proximal chamber just below the tricuspid valve and a chamber distal to the anomalous muscle. A stenosed orifice was formed between the proximal chamber and the distal chamber. The IVS proximal to the protruding muscle masses curved convex toward the LV at the end-systole and become flat at diastole. In 12 cases, there are above-mentioned echocardiographic features of anomalous hypertrophic muscles. DCRV may coexist with a VSD in 20 cases, PS in 4, ASD and tricuspid stenosis in 1. Colour flow Doppler imaging is very useful for diagnosing DCRV. In 20 cases, the apical four chamber view revealed that two steams of flow are close but in the reverse direction in systole. A mosaic fountain-shaped flow jet passed through the stenosed orifice of the anomalous muscles and a bluish mosaic regurgitation passed through the tricuspid orifice. In the article, we disucssed the pathoana-tomy, echocardiographic features, type and the differential diagnosis of DCRV. 本文对25例先天性双腔右心室(DCRV)的彩色血流多普勒超声心动图的表现进行分析。7例胸骨旁主动脉根短轴面观显示主动脉侧的右室心肌呈舌状增厚突向心室腔,与其对应的右室前壁心肌呈楔形肥厚,二者之间形成狭窄孔。6例心尖四腔观,右室游离壁和室间隔中部均呈局限性舌状增厚,突向右室腔,这突出的肌块将右室腔分成两部分,即三尖瓣下的近侧腔和肌块远端的远侧腔,其间形成狭窄孔,突出肌块近侧的室间隔于收缩期向左侧弯突,于舒张期呈扁平状,12例有以上两个切面中的异常肥厚心肌的表现,本病合并室间隔缺损20例、肺动脉瓣狭窄4例、房间隔缺损和三尖瓣狭窄1例。彩色血流多普勒影象对本病诊断很有助益,20例的心尖四腔观发现二股相互靠近但方向相反的血流,即一股穿越异常肌束狭窄孔的喷泉状花色射流和一股经三尖瓣口的蓝花色返流。 The doses at three points along the oblique direction of isodose line at the same depth aremeasured.The wedgeangle and the line-oblique angle are derived from these doses measured according to the following formula:The wedge angles calculated by above formula were compared with these measured by 3-D water-scanner phantom,It was found that the results were very closed,this confirmed the correctness of the for-mula.It is recommended that the wedge angles may be measured before its use,because the wedge anglesvaries... The doses at three points along the oblique direction of isodose line at the same depth aremeasured.The wedgeangle and the line-oblique angle are derived from these doses measured according to the following formula:The wedge angles calculated by above formula were compared with these measured by 3-D water-scanner phantom,It was found that the results were very closed,this confirmed the correctness of the for-mula.It is recommended that the wedge angles may be measured before its use,because the wedge anglesvaries greatly tissue with the depth. 本文提出沿着等剂量线倾斜方向,等距地在同深度测量三点剂量,根据这三点剂量推导出楔形角和线顺角的方法,计算公式为:式中α为射线入射角,K是三点剂量及射束轴上百分深度量的函数。文中比较了本法和三维水箱扫描法所得楔形角大小.二者十分一致。在楔形角测量中、作者发现钴-60γ线楔形角随深度有明显改变,故建议在使用楔形滤板前,应作必要的校测。
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