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A political sytsem is,according to the co-authors of the present article,essentially a systemof social administration,and its reform inevitably involves such questions as who are to exerci-se administration,who are to be subjected to it and how to exercise it.Political administrationoperates on people,consequently its reform necessarily involves that of personnel management.Basing on such understandings,the co-authors note that the research on the reform of politicalsystem inevitably involves such highly sensitive... A political sytsem is,according to the co-authors of the present article,essentially a systemof social administration,and its reform inevitably involves such questions as who are to exerci-se administration,who are to be subjected to it and how to exercise it.Political administrationoperates on people,consequently its reform necessarily involves that of personnel management.Basing on such understandings,the co-authors note that the research on the reform of politicalsystem inevitably involves such highly sensitive questions as whether or not the masses of thepeople are really wielding their power as masters of the state and whether or not the Party or-ganizations and government institutions are really in the service of the people.Moreover,thestudy of the reform of political system must necessarily be associated with the reform in econo-mic system,because the reform in one field will automatically promote and complement that inthe other.Also,such study inevitably involves the review on the functioning mechanism of Chi-na's social sytems,inasmuch as the former reform is being effeeted at a time of the replace- ment of the old systems by the new.As a systmatic study on these aspects,the article is,to acertain extent,informative on the problem of the reform of political system. 政治制度本质上是一种社会管理制度。政治体制的改革,必然涉及到谁来管、管什么、怎么管的问题;政治管理,也是人对人的管理,政治体制的改革,必然涉及到人事管理问题。因而研究政治体制的改革,不能不触及刭人民群众是否真正当家作主、党政部门是否真正为人民服务这类十分敏感的问题,又因为政治体制改革与经济体制改革是互相促进、相辅相成的,因而研究政治体制的改革,不能不联系到经济体制的改革;又因为这次政治体制改革是在新旧体制转换时期进行的,因而研究政治体制改革,不能不联系到对我国社会发展的运行机制的探讨。本文对上述几个方面进行了深入探讨,对政治体制改革的理论研究有一定参考价值。 Government control over oligopoly market is a strategy problem concerning optimization under the competitive environment of market economy This paper analyzes the objectives and means of government's macroeconomic policy, establishes a game model with mechanism of control, and finally discusses the optimization problem of market structure 政府对寡头垄断市场的调控问题, 本质上是一个在市场经济竞争环境下各行为主体利益的协调优化的对策问题。本文详细分析了政府宏观调控的目标、方式, 建立了具有调控机制的博弈论模型, 给出了调控效果的分析, 最后讨论了市场结构的优化问题 Management is a valuable action which can be measured.Payment for managers is intrinsically decided by their magnitude of value indirectly formed by managerial action.This magnitude should be estimated from both budgetary and real value.The budgetary value calculated by magnitude of job responsibility decides probable standard of payment.The real payment of managers must be adjusted according to their action value.Therefore,an appropriate system of restraint and measurement of value is indispensable. 管理活动是可度量的价值行为。管理者的收入本质上应取决于管理行为所间接形成的价值量大小———即取决于管理行为的价值表现。对管理行为值的估算应从预算值和实际值两方面入手 ,依岗位责任值等计算出的预算值决定可能的收入标准 ,管理者的实际收入还必须依据行为价值在预算值上下调整。相应需要建立适当的价值衡量、约束机制
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