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Abstract The commercial deities worship is the custom of various superstitions or predicted custom belief, which are spread widely among the folk commerce and social life. It is a key factor to govern the folk commercial life. The article states the types, features of the commercial trade deities, the process of shaping the folk lines deities, and its psychological reason. The article expounds holy activities for worshipping the lines deities and its social function as well. The article points out that the... Abstract The commercial deities worship is the custom of various superstitions or predicted custom belief, which are spread widely among the folk commerce and social life. It is a key factor to govern the folk commercial life. The article states the types, features of the commercial trade deities, the process of shaping the folk lines deities, and its psychological reason. The article expounds holy activities for worshipping the lines deities and its social function as well. The article points out that the folk lines deities worship is an important content in the folk commercial belief, from which we may deepen our full comprehension of Chinese traditional commercial folk customs, and we may understand the shaping foundation of the custom and its internal relations, Therefore, the folk lines deities worship is one of the important parts of the commercial folklore research. 业神祖崇拜,是流传于民间商业与社会生活中的各种迷信或俗信仰的习俗事象。也是支配民间商业生活的重要因素。本文论述了商业行业神崇拜的类型、特征,民间行业神的造神过程及其心理原因,行业神崇拜活动及其社会功能。指出:民间行业神崇拜,是民间商业信仰中的一项重要内容,通过对其的了解,可以使我们加深对中国传统商业民俗的全面认识,了解各种民俗事象形成的基础及其相互之间的内在联系。因此,它也是商业民俗学研究的重要内容之一 Abstract Up to now,we have gained great achievements on the studies of China's Folklore,but recentlly some Folklorists are worried that if we dont's renew the theory and methods of study,China's Folklore will lose its academic position as an independent subject.after thinking about its historical and present situation,the author thinks when we study Folklore we should pay more attention to subject than object,more attention to concrete things than abstract theory,According this method,we may Construct our own... Abstract Up to now,we have gained great achievements on the studies of China's Folklore,but recentlly some Folklorists are worried that if we dont's renew the theory and methods of study,China's Folklore will lose its academic position as an independent subject.after thinking about its historical and present situation,the author thinks when we study Folklore we should pay more attention to subject than object,more attention to concrete things than abstract theory,According this method,we may Construct our own new theoritical system with Chinese style. 中国民俗学基础理论研究虽取得了令人瞩目的成就,但近来一些民俗学同仁仍存忧虑,如对民俗学研究方法不作改进,对基础理论不作更新,民俗学将失去其作为一门独立学科的学术地位及价值。本文经对民俗学历史及现状的反思,认为民俗学研究应坚持主客体统一、具体与抽象统一、文化整合的原则,并由此建立起中国特色的民俗学理论体系 By combining the positivism method of the Qin Dynasty's down to earth learning with the research methods of western Anthroculturalism,Social Science, Folklore,Wen Yi duo formed his unique cultural interpretation criticism method in the first quarter of the 20th century. This paper probes into such aspects as follows: the basic principles of Wen Yi duo's cultural interpretation criticism method; his scholium interpretation way to study ancient books; the modes of thoughts and symbolic images of ancient people... By combining the positivism method of the Qin Dynasty's down to earth learning with the research methods of western Anthroculturalism,Social Science, Folklore,Wen Yi duo formed his unique cultural interpretation criticism method in the first quarter of the 20th century. This paper probes into such aspects as follows: the basic principles of Wen Yi duo's cultural interpretation criticism method; his scholium interpretation way to study ancient books; the modes of thoughts and symbolic images of ancient people employed by him; the reappearance of ancient folklore and its great significance in studying Chinese literature with this method. 20世纪上半叶 ,闻一多把清代朴学的实证方法和西方人类文化学、社会学、民俗学的研究方法加以结合 ,形成了其独特的文化阐释批评方法。本文探讨了闻一多的文化阐释批评方法的基本原则 ;他对古代典籍的训诂阐释方式 ;他运用文化阐释方法所揭示出来的古代人的思维方式和象征意象 ;他对古代民俗的还原和重现 ,以及运用文化阐释批评方法研究中国古代文学的重大意义
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