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The indicator system for describing the degradation of giant panda's habitat is developed, including three kinds of indicators as topography, forest community and feeding bamboo. The topographic indicators include altitude, slope grade, aspect etc. Height of trees and shrubs, density of trees and shrubs, shrub species, shrub coverage, tree composition and canopy are employed to evaluate the forest community. The quality of the feeding bamboo is assessed by the density and height of bamboo, bamboo trunk base... The indicator system for describing the degradation of giant panda's habitat is developed, including three kinds of indicators as topography, forest community and feeding bamboo. The topographic indicators include altitude, slope grade, aspect etc. Height of trees and shrubs, density of trees and shrubs, shrub species, shrub coverage, tree composition and canopy are employed to evaluate the forest community. The quality of the feeding bamboo is assessed by the density and height of bamboo, bamboo trunk base diameter and the percentage of young bamboos. In brief, the standards for the restoration of the habitat of giant panda are as following: altitude between 2 600~3 000 m, slope grade between 25°~45°, tree height<15 m, shrub height<2 m, shrub density >5 000 individuals/hm 2, tree density<300 individuals/hm 2, number of shrub species> 5, percentage of Abies and Picea in forest composition>50%, shrub coverage between 80%~100%, canopy<50%, bamboo density between 35~102 individuals/m 2, bamboo base diameter>4 4mm, percentage of young bamboos in all bamboos>25%, bamboo height between 1 8~2 8 m.At the end, restoration, reallocation and rehabilitation as three approaches are proposed for the restoration of giant panda's habitats. 该文从地形因子、森林群落因子和主食竹因子 3方面 ,建立了大熊猫栖息地退化与恢复的指标体系 .地形因子指标主要包括海拔、坡度、坡向等 ;森林群落指标主要包括 :林木高度、灌木高度、灌木株数、林木株数、灌木种类、云冷杉林木组成比例、灌木盖度和森林郁闭度 .竹子密度、竹子基径、幼竹比例和竹子高度则是衡量主食竹质和量的主要指标 .研究结果表明 ,四川省王朗自然保护区大熊猫栖息地恢复的标准是 :生长在海拔 2 6 0 0~ 30 0 0m之间、坡度为 2 5°~ 4 5°的西坡、西南坡和西北坡的中坡部位的森林 .这种森林的林木高度 <15m ,灌木高度 <2m ,灌木株数 >5 0 0 0株 hm2 ,林木株数 <30 0株 hm2 ,灌木种类 >5种以上 ,云冷杉林木组成 >5 0 %以上 ,灌木盖度 80 %~10 0 % ,森林郁闭度 <5 0 % ,竹子密度为 35~ 10 2株 m2 ,竹干基径 >4 4mm ,幼竹比例 >2 5 % ,竹子高度为 1 8~ 2 8m的森林环境 .在此基础上 ,提出了保护、恢复和修复 3种恢复大熊猫栖息地途径 . Reported the result of Golden monkey surveyed in Changqing Nature Reserve in June 2001, which surveys conducted by interview with local people, historical monitoring data and site quantity and distribution surveying. The result showed that there are 20 groups of Golden monkey, the total number is 470~630, and density is about 5.88~7.88/km~2, and the distribution area is 80KM2, The key habitat is natural forest, or remain forest after part logging and natural regenerative forest patches. The plantation forest,... Reported the result of Golden monkey surveyed in Changqing Nature Reserve in June 2001, which surveys conducted by interview with local people, historical monitoring data and site quantity and distribution surveying. The result showed that there are 20 groups of Golden monkey, the total number is 470~630, and density is about 5.88~7.88/km~2, and the distribution area is 80KM2, The key habitat is natural forest, or remain forest after part logging and natural regenerative forest patches. The plantation forest, shrub and clear logging area, sparse woodland and other wilderness patches hindered the habitat use and constrained movement. So the Golden monkey population in the reserve is in the stage of restoration. The crucial task for the Golden monkey management is to conduct habitat restoration and regeneration. 报道作者 2 0 0 1年 6月对长青保护区金丝猴种群数量及分布调查结果 ,调查采用访问、监测数据、现地落实猴群数量及分布相结合的方法 .结果显示 ,区内有金丝猴 2 0群 470~ 63 0只 ,密度为 5 .88~ 7.88只 /km2 ,分布面积为 80km2 .主要活动于天然林、择伐迹地林、伐后天然更新林斑块中 ,人工林、灌木林、皆伐迹地林、疏林地、宜林荒山荒地斑块对金丝猴利用形成不同程度阻隔和限制 .通过比较可知 ,金丝猴种群处于恢复期 ,栖息地恢复和改造是金丝猴管理工作的当务之急 . The main activities of forest management in Longcaoping have disturbed the habitat of giant panda occurring in Qinling Mountains. In the late 1980s especially, the activities of forest management such as cutting and regeneration increased with great frequency due to the drive of marked economy resulting the fragmentation of the habitat of giant panda, and leading to the-fact that no giant panda was found during the second nationally general investigation. Giant pandas have been found however after the overall... The main activities of forest management in Longcaoping have disturbed the habitat of giant panda occurring in Qinling Mountains. In the late 1980s especially, the activities of forest management such as cutting and regeneration increased with great frequency due to the drive of marked economy resulting the fragmentation of the habitat of giant panda, and leading to the-fact that no giant panda was found during the second nationally general investigation. Giant pandas have been found however after the overall suspending of cutting in the area adjacent to the national nature reserve of Longcaoping. A preliminary analysis is conducted on the fragmentation of the habitat of giant panda cause by forest management to provide scientific basis for the regeneration of the habitat of gaint panda and the promotion of the benefits of natural forest protection. 陕西省龙草坪林业局主要森工经营活动对秦岭大熊猫生境破碎化产生了影响。特别是20世纪80年代后期,采伐、更新均受到市场经济的影响趋于速成,结果造成大熊猫栖息地破碎化,以至第二次全国大熊猫普查时未发现分布。全面停止采伐活动后,在毗邻佛坪保护区地段又发现了大熊猫分布。本文该局对经营活动对大熊猫生境破碎化影响进行了初步分析,为研究大熊猫栖息地恢复和提高天然林保护的效益等提供了科学依据。
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