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| | Abstract The carbon nanotube is a new allotropt of carbon.The discovery and the preparation,the mechanism for the formation,the structure and properties of carbon nanotubes presented in the paper.Meanwhile,its potential applications and studying direction are probed into briefly. | | 碳纳米管是一种新型的碳的同素异形体。本文简述了碳纳米管的发现和合成方法,描述了它的结构特点和生成机理,并对其潜在用途和今后的研究方向略作探讨。 | | 文摘来源 | | Flattened carbon nanoshells,carbon nanorods, and nanostructures of rod\|tube have been observed in the cathodic doposits produced by a double\|anode arc\|discharge. As confirmed by high resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM), the growth of a carbon nanotube was directly linked to the nanorod, so the origin and development of nanotube seed is clearly discernible. In addition, the multishelled carbon nanorods HRTEM images revealed an isolated center line. We consider that such a line is probably ... | | 在双阳极电弧放电的阴极沉积物中已发现扁平碳纳米壳、碳纳米棒和棒管相连的碳纳米结构.高分辨率透射电子显微镜( H R T E M) 确认了碳纳米管直接生长在纳米棒之上,因而碳纳米管生长开端的来龙去脉清晰可见.另外, H R T E M 图像显示,多壳层碳纳米棒有一条中心线.有可能这是一种基于单键和三重键交替“sp”杂化的炔链碳同素异形体. | | 文摘来源 | | Materials Science is defined to be a field of certain aspects of chemistry,physics,mineralogy,geology,metallurgy and synthetic materials..“Man the Tool\|maker" mainly used stones which in turn helped increase his mental development.Flint,silica concentrations from limestones gave him the material for making weapons and tools and soils for making pottery and ceramics.Materials Science evolved mainly from industrial minerals and their relation to geology is fundamental and synthetic materials were produced wi... | | 材料科学可定义为一门涉及化学、物理学、矿物学、地质学、冶金学和合成材料等领域的科学。“工具制造者的人类” ,主要是使用石器 ,并由此而增进了其智能的发育。燧石、石灰岩中氧化硅富集体提供了制作武器和工具的材料 ,土壤则可用于制陶业和陶瓷业。材料科学主要是由研究工业矿物演化而来 ,它与地质学的关系密切 ;合成材料以其特殊的性能满足了人们的需求。火和压力在处理天然材料的工艺发展中起着头等作用 ;金银铜铁及其它金属能用作装饰品、防御武器和制造工具。有些金属的使用显示了人类各历史时期的特点。人们后来发现某些结晶体具有特殊的性质 ,如石英的压电性、红宝石激光 ,钻石和刚玉的高硬度 (可用作磨料 ,将来仍具开发潜力 )。合成材料和在太空合成的材料具有远大前景 (如碳的同素异形体carbyne car bynoid)。在材料科学中 ,特种玻璃 ,硬而防火的陶瓷、磨料、特殊耐火材料 ,只不过是材料科学中业已开发的几种工艺矿物而已。材料科学的发展对于现代文明和解决人类当今和未来所遇到的各种问题都极其重要。与世界人口增长相关的问题 ,可以通过科学、绿色革命和生物技术 ,以及一切天然资源的合理开发来解决 ,这将有助于避免... | | 文摘来源 | |   | | << 更多相关文摘 |
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