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      降水资料     
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  precipitation data
    According to temperature and precipitation data from 1951 to 2000 in Fuxin area,the climatic change characteristics were analyzed with mathematical statistics method.
    根据1951—2000年阜新地区气温和降水资料,运用一元回归、相关分析等数理统计方法,对近50 a阜新地区气候变化进行了分析。
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    With the monthly precipitation data of 7 sampling meteorological stations in the coastal area of Jiangsu Province from 1956 to 2000,the anomalous percentage of precipitation,the standardized variable of precipitation and the Z-index are compared.
    根据1956-2000年各月降水资料,在江苏沿海地区选取7个代表站,对降水距平百分率、降水标准化变量和Z指数进行了对比分析;
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    Based on the daily precipitation data of flood season(Mar to September) in 1960-2004 from 125 stations in Northwest China,we firstly determined the extreme precipitation threshold values for every station,then counted the extreme precipitation event frequency in flood season and analyzed their temporal and spatial characteristics.
    利用中国西北五省(区)1960—2004年125个台站汛期(5—9月)逐日降水资料,首先定义了不同台站的极端降水阈值,然后统计出了不同台站近45a逐年汛期发生极端降水事件的发生频次,并进行了时空分布特征分析,结果表明:中国西北汛期极端降水事件发生频次同降水量的空间分布有很大的差异;
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    With the cumulative frequency method the thresholds of extreme precipitation event was defined according to daily precipitation data of 68 stations in Anhui province during last 40 years.
    利用安徽省68个台站近40年的日降水资料,运用累积频率法判别分析基于日资料的极端降水事件,给出了安徽省各台站降水极端事件的阈值。
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    In this paper,according to the annual temperature and precipitation data from 8 meteorological stations in the Aletai area in Xinjiang during the period of 1961~2000,we calculate the change of climatic productivity in Aletai area during the past 40 years by using Tharnthwaite Memorial model.
    收集整理阿勒泰地区8站1961~2000年的气温、降水资料,应用Tharnthwaite Memorial模型计算阿勒泰地区40 a来气候生产力的变化情况。
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  rainfall data
    Base on the rainfall data of Liaocheng city from 1971 to 2000,the characteristic and variation tendency of precipitation are analyzed.
    利用1971—2000年聊城市8个气象站降水资料,分析了自然降水的宏观特征与变化趋势,并分别统计了各类天气系统对降水的影响;
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    The interannual variaton of Australian High(AH) and its effect on the Asia-Australia monsoon circulation system(AAMCS) during 1948-2002 are analyzed, based on the data reanalyzed by NCEP/NCAR and the rainfall data of the 160 stations in China,The main results are below.
    本文采用NCEP/NCAR再分析月平均的全球海平面气压场、高度场、海表温度场、高云量和CMAP全球降水资料,以及中国160站逐月降水资料,分析了1948~2002年期间澳大利亚高压(以下简称澳高)的年际和年代际变化以及澳高年际变化对亚澳季风环流系统的影响,结果显示:
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    Using rainfall data from 1961 to 2000 in Longnan ,distributions of precipitation and rainstorm are analyzed . Using sounding data ,the large scale synoptic meteorology circulation patterns of rainstorm are catalogued. Using T106 data from 1995 to1999,the mean field of synoptic meteorology models are calculated.
    本文首先利用陇南市1961年到2000年40年降水资料分析了陇南市降水和暴雨时空分布特征,利用高空资料,将陇南市暴雨形成的大尺度环流形势进行天气学分型,再利用1995-1999年的T106资料产品资料,求出天气模型的平均场,结合暴雨个例诊断分析陇南暴雨成因。
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    Raingauge rainfall data of nearly 40 years (1951-1994) at 86 stations of Guangdong province in Southern China are used to analyze the features of dryness and wetness during the 40-year period.
    利用广东省86个测站近40年(建站起至1994年)的降水资料,分析和讨论了平均年雨量分布的特征,并以5级旱涝标准确定了全省和各分区的逐年旱涝级别,初步讨论了若干旱涝特征。
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    Based on the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis datasets from 1954 to 1998 and the monthly rainfall data of 160 stations in China at the same time, the relation between the intensity of the tropical easterly on 100 hPa and summer rainfall in North China has been studied.
    利用1954—1998年NCAR/NCEP再分析资料及同期我国160个测站月降水资料,分析了热带地区100hPa东风与华北夏季降水之间的关系。
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  precipitation dataset
    Based on global land monthly precipitation dataset PREC/L during the period of 1948-2001, NCEP/NCAR reanalyzed monthly mean wind data and global monthly SST grid data edited by British Meteorological Bureau .
    本文利用1948-2001全球陆地月降水资料(PREC/L),美国NCEP/NCAR再分析月平均风场资料和高度场资料以及英国气象局整编的全球逐月海温格点资料。
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    This paper comprehensively analyzed the global land precipitation dataset (G55wld0098) updated by Dr. Mike Hulme latestly and found that this dataset is accurate enough for describing the change of large scale precipitation. We also interpolate the data of precipitation records in global land(PREC/L) to replace the lack records of G55wld0098,and then get the 1920-2000 global precipitation field without lacking records.
    本文对Mike Hulme博士的G55wld0098全球陆地降水资料进行了全面的分析,指出该资料有非常好的精度,并且利用PREC/L插值资料将Hulme的资料插补为完整的1920-2000年全球陆地降水资料场。
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    The reliability of CRU05 precipitation dataset constructed by Climatic Research Unit of University of East Anglia of United Kingdom is examined using the precipitation data of twenty two observation stations in north of China.
    利用中国北方22个站点降水观测资料,检验了英国东英格兰大学气候研究中心的CRU05降水资料的可信度,与同类资料相比,该套资料具有较高的时间和空间分辨率。
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    Based on global land monthly precipitation dataset PREC/L during the period of 1948-2001, the flood/drought and the secular trend variation of precipitation of global, the Northern Hemisphere (NH) ,the Southern Hemisphere(SH), Eurasia, Africa, Australia, North America, South America and Antarctica in December-February (DJF) are investigated.
    本文利用 194 8~ 2 0 0 1全球陆地月降水资料 (PREC/L) ,研究了全球、北、南半球及欧亚、非洲、澳洲、北美、南美和南极大陆 6个大尺度区域 12~ 2月的降水趋势变化及旱涝气候变化。
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    Using a 40-year daily precipitation dataset including 134 stations from 1962 to 2001, the large-scale distribution patterns of precipitation anomalies over China were investigated.
    使用1962~2001年的逐日台站降水资料,考察中国夏季大尺度低频降水的时空特征。
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  precipitation date
    Using the monthly soil temperature date in the depth of 3.2m during 1980~2000 in 141 stations and the precipitation date during 1961~2000 in 160 stations,through the earth-atmosphere chart method ,the paper analyzed"geothermal vortexes"in Northwest China .
    利用我国141个测站1980~2000年逐月3.2m地温资料和160个测站1961~2000年逐月降水资料,用"地气图"方法对西北区内"地热涡"的分布特征进行详细分析。
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    With EOF and REOF analyse techniqne, the spatial anomalous features and time evolution rule and the relation between winter soil temperature and summer precipitation anomaly in China are studied using soil temperature date in the depth of 3.2 m in December, January and February of 1980_1997 in 141 stations and the precipitation date in June, July and August of 1951_1997 in 160 stations.
    利用我国 141个测站 1980— 1997年间 12月~ 2月 3.2m深度地温资料和中国 16 0个测站195 1— 1997年间 6~ 8月降水资料 ,采用主成分、旋转主成分分析 ,对冬季地温的空间异常特征、时间变化规律以及与夏季降水的关系进行分析。
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    Based on the monthly precipitation date from 2 stations in the South of Shandong Province,the secular variation tendency of precipitation and the drought frequency are analyzed with the accumulated anomalous,skids the t-test and Kruskal-Wallis assay method.
    使用鲁南地区临沂(1951—2005年)、枣庄(1958—2005年)2个代表站逐月降水资料,利用累积距平及滑动t检验法、K-W检验法及SPI指数,分析鲁南地区降水量的长期变化趋势及干旱频率变化特征。
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  precipitation data
       Based on the annual precipitation data, we analyzed the spatial distribution of precipitation in Sichuan Province in China as well as the temporal-spatial variation and the corresponding influence factors involved.
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       By the utilization of monthly precipitation data from all stations in the Northern Hemisphere annexed to the "World Survey of climatology, Vol.
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       The global land monthly precipitation data (PREC/L) are used to investigate the relation between the global land annual precipitation and ENSO during 1948-2000, and the results of composite analysis are tested with Monte Carlo simulations.
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       All kinds of precipitation data were used to identify the asymmetric characteristic of the rainfall associated with the Imbudo.
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       The system used forecast precipitation data of Doppler weather radar and observational precipitation data as its input data.
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  rainfall data
       Decadal rainfall data of 228 stations in 1951-1970 and upper-wind records in 1960-1969 published by the Central Meteorological Bureau and relevant provincial organizations are employed in the analysis.
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       Harmonic analysis of hourly SW monsoon rainfall data of 33 stations show that for 19 stations, the first harmonic accounts for more than 50% of the variance of the rainfall series.
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       The break of the monsoon is defined by using the rainfall data over Hong Kong Meteorological parameters provided by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) for the period 1985-1990 are examined.
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       The mean onset and withdrawal of summer rainy season over the Indochina Peninsula were investigated using 5-day averaged rainfall data (1975-87).
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       Analysis of seasonal rainfall data of 50 stations spread over a period of 41 years suggests that a linear relationship fits better than the logarithmic relationship when seasonal rainfall versus number of rainy days is studied.
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  precipitation dataset
       Louis metropolitan area from 2005 to 2030 using three economic growth scenarios (base, low, and high) and a long-term precipitation dataset were used to predict the mean annual surface runoff and mean annual NPS pollutant loads in the region.
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       Data are derived from a high-resolution daily precipitation dataset obtained from in-situ measurements.
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       The dataset, Iberian monthly Precipitation Dataset (IPD), consists of monthly precipitation data over a 25?km × 25?km grid from 1st January 1961 to 31st December 2003.
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       A monthly land-only precipitation dataset of the European area has been analysed.
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       A highresolution precipitation dataset of this area has been analysed.
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  其他



         The composite and the anomaly maps of monthly mean 500mb circulation of Eurasia for the selected very dry and very wet months of June over the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River through the 20 years (1954--1974) period are analysed in order to reveal the anomalous circulation features in these months and their proceeding ones from last October. By comparing the correlation fields between the June monthly rainfall and Eurasian 500 mb heights of the preceeding months with the Eurasian 500mb anomalies d...
            本文从1954—1974年,共20年的长江中下游24个站的6月份降水资料定出长江中下游大涝和大旱年,应用欧亚地区月平均500mb图,对大涝和大旱年的同期和前期(从上年10月起)平均环流作了对比分析,以揭露旱涝环流异常的特征。计算了长江中下游6月降水量与欧亚地区前期各月500mb月平均高度的相关场,并与旱涝环流距平的偏差图比较,发现相关场和偏差图上的主要关键区是一一对应的,而以前期1月和2月平均环流的异常对其后6月降水多寡关系最好。因此,在欧亚中低纬度带选了二个关键区,分别代表西风带和付热带的环流特征,以该区1月和2月的距平和值作为预报大涝,大旱和正常年的指标;再以35°—45°N纬圈上0°—180°E范围内平均高度廓线作为选相似的标志,以便从上述的正常年份中区分出涝年,旱年和正常年。试作了1977年的长江中下游6月份降水的长期预报。值得提出的是:在分析6月降水的关键区时,看到这些关键区的位置和移动的持续性是受同一自然天气区和同一自然天气季节控制的。
文摘来源
         The composite and the anomaly maps of monthly mean 500mb circulation of Eurasia for the selected very dry and very wet months of June over the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River through the 20 years (1954—1974) period are analysed in order to reveal the anomalous circulation features in these months and their proceeding ones from last October. By comparing the correlation fields between the June monthly rainfall and Eurasian 500 mb heights of the preceeding months with the Eurasian 500rob anomalies d...
            本文从1954—1974年,共20年的长江中下游24个站的6月份降水资料定出长江中下游大涝和大旱年,应用欧亚地区月平均500mb图,对大涝和大旱年的同期和前期(从上年10月起)平均环流作了对比分析,以揭露旱涝环流异常的特征。计算了长江中下游6月降水量与欧亚地区前期各月500mb月平均高度的相关场,并与旱涝环流距平的偏差图比较,发现相关场和偏差图上的主要关键区是一一对应的,而以前期1月和2月平均环流的异常对其后6月降水多寡关系最好。因此,在欧亚中低纬度带选了二个关键区,分别代表西风带和付热带的环流特征,以该区1月和2月的距平和值作为预报大涝,大旱和正常年的指标;再以35°—45°N纬圈上0°—180°E范围内平均高度廓线作为选相似的标志,以便从上述的正常年份中区分出涝年,旱年和正常年。试作了1977年的长江中下游6月份降水的长期预报。值得提出的是:在分析6月降水的关键区时,看到这些关键区的位置和移动的持续性是受同一自然天气区和同一自然天气季节控制的。
文摘来源
         The heights of rain formation in cumulus clouds with various vertical velocities, microstructures and cloud base temperatures are calculated, using a warm-rain formation model. The calculated results agree fairly with the observed heights of the cumulus clouds with 50% probability of raining in many regions in the world It is found that the rain formation heights differ appreciably and depend mainly upon the vertical velocity and to less degree on microstracture and cloud base temperature.
            本文用积云暖雨模式,计算了不同云底温度、升速和微结构特征条件下,积云通过暖雨过程形成降雨所需要的云厚。计算结果同我国江西九江及世界不同地区的积云降水云厚实测资料相比相当一致。世界上一些有资料地区积云降水云厚的差别很大,按本文计算结果,升速往往起着主要的作用,其次是微结构特征和云底温度。文中用在九江观测到的积云升速和降水资料,得出了云作升速和积云降水云厚的关系,同本文计算结果大致符合。
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