Calculation from fluid state equation shows that overpressure by aquathermal pressuring is two magnitudes lower than that by compaction during deposition, the ratio is mainly determined by compaction coefficient and thermal gradient, with no relation to permeability, deposition rate,viscosity and compressibility coefficient of formation water, indicating that the significance of aquathermal is negligible during most deposition environments.
Geo thermal gradient of eastern basins is high, which is generally higher than 3.6℃/100m, and the highest can reach 5.56℃/100m. Eastern basins mainly are faulted basins in type, where the thickness of crust obviously decreases and magmatic activity is intense. These indicate that there is an intensive regional structural thermal event.
However, the western basins are of depression basins, the geo thermal gradient of them is generally lower than 3℃/100m, i.e. lower than the eastern basins. In western basins thickness of crust increases and magmatic activity is weak.
Their formation conditions are discussed in this paper based on the analyses on the geothermal distribution, hydrocarbon generating environment of source rock, generative organic matter and the model of hydrocarbon generation in Ludong sag.
The foreland basin, where the heat flow from the mantle is relative low, usually has a characteristics of low thermal regime with heat flow no more than 40mW/m2 and a gradient of 2℃/100m or so.
The carbon isotopic characteristics of natural gas are not only affected by the gas source and maturity of the source rock, but also are related to the accumulation condition and geothermal gradient in a basin.
While, the geothermal gradient and the weak tectonic geothermal event of the Early Yanshan Movement provided necessary heat for the maturation of source rock in coal-bearing strata of the Middle and Lower Jurassic.
The upward degradation occurs when the geothermal gradient in permafrost drops to less than the geothermal gradients in the underlying thawed soil layers.
Most of studied species managed to survive and propagate in a wide thermal range corresponding to the thermal gradient in the peripheral zones of algal belts.
Experiments on sessile drops evaporating in a normal atmosphere without an applied thermal gradient are reported and compared with an available theoretical model.
The effect of traditional inhibitors of acid corrosion (urotropine, benzotriazole, and thiocarbamide) on the corrosion-electrochemical behavior of an iron plate with a tangential thermal gradient in a sulfate-containing acid solution is examined.
The heat transfer processes occurring in the solid and liquid phases during growth of Bi12GeO20 and Bi4Ge3O12 crystals by the low-thermal gradient Czochralski method are analyzed and compared.
The change of the Josephson supercurrent density js of a weakly connected granular superconductor in response to externally applied arbitrary thermal gradient ?T (nonlinear Seebeck effect) is considered within a model of 3D Josephson junction arrays.
Most oils from Cretaceous reservoirs in Ludong sag are found to be low-mature ones, which are characterized by low sulphur and middle wax contents, middle pour point, middle viscosity, higher density, low saturated hydrocarbon content, low saturate hydrocarbon /aromatic hydrocarbon value and higher aromatic hydrocarbon and nonhydrocarbon contents. The characteristics of low-mature oils are studied by means of analyzing the physical properties, bulk compositions,chromatography of saturated hydrocarbon, bioma...
Gas hydrates are ice-like inclusion compounds formed by methane (ethane carbon dioxide) at high pressure and low temperature. There are two primary structures ( structureⅠ and structureⅡ) and two major genetic types(thermogenic and biogenic) for gas hydrates. They are distributed in polar permafrost horizons and submarine sediments. Submarine temperature, pressure, gas compositions, geothermal gradient and syngenetic water salinity control the depth of hydrate zone basement. Autochthonous bacteriogenic mod...
It is recognized that estimation of uplifting and erosion of formations directly across an unconformity by means of vitrinite reflectance data and using the method suggested by Dow (1977) does not represent the eroded thickness of an unconformity; it represents physically the vertical displacement of a normal fault. This paper stresses on the meaning of paleogeothermal gradient and its change with time in the estimation of amount of erosion; explains the method of calculation of paleogeothermal gradient and...