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Through making the life environment of public aid field, inter aid field and self aid field, we can gain the purpose of the security for the aging——that is to help the aged rejected by their family share the fruit of the modern civilization and provide them with a safe, comfortable life. From the aspect of the integration of the resource of the nation, community, enterprise, family and individual, this paper analyzes the basic rules and structure about the systems of nation——public aid, community、enterprise——inter... Through making the life environment of public aid field, inter aid field and self aid field, we can gain the purpose of the security for the aging——that is to help the aged rejected by their family share the fruit of the modern civilization and provide them with a safe, comfortable life. From the aspect of the integration of the resource of the nation, community, enterprise, family and individual, this paper analyzes the basic rules and structure about the systems of nation——public aid, community、enterprise——inter aid,and family、individual——self aid, and provides a thinking way of macroscopic thoughts about the mechanism of the aging security. 养老保障的目的就在于把被排斥到家庭之外的弱势老人群体 ,通过营造公共领域、互助领域、自助领域生活保护环境 ,使他们能够共享现代生活文明的成果 ,给予他们一个安心、安全的老后生活。本文试图从国家、社区、企业、家庭以及个人资源整合的视角 ,探讨营造国家——公助体系 ;社区·企业——互助体系 ;家庭·个人——自助体系的基本原则和基本结构 ,提供一个宏观思考养老保障机制的思路。 Pension plan for land expropriated peasants is good for urbanization, relieving the conflicts coming from expropriating land, protecting their long term benefits. Zhejiang province has ten years experience in establishing rural social pension plan. Taking Zhejiang as a case study, this paper reviews and examines Zhejiang rural social pension plan, and proposes some suggestions. 失地农民养老保障制度是推进农村城市化的一项重要配套措施 ,对缓解征地矛盾、长远地解决失地农民的老年生活、保护失地农民利益等问题 ,的确发挥着积极而有效的作用。浙江省对该制度的尝试与探索已有 1 0年的历史 ,本文从供给层面对浙江省的实践现状、制度设计的优势与存在的问题进行评述 ,并提出进一步完善该制度的思路与建议 Relief-providing systems such as Relief Payment Rules and First-aid Law and social insurance such as health insurance and worker's annuity insurance already existed before the War in Japan, but a systematic social security system was not established until after World War II. In the middle of 1970's, a social security system on a limited scale came into being in Japan. Japan's social security system can be classified into life protection, social welfare, social insurance, public health, environmental policy,... Relief-providing systems such as Relief Payment Rules and First-aid Law and social insurance such as health insurance and worker's annuity insurance already existed before the War in Japan, but a systematic social security system was not established until after World War II. In the middle of 1970's, a social security system on a limited scale came into being in Japan. Japan's social security system can be classified into life protection, social welfare, social insurance, public health, environmental policy, etc. The social insurance system occupies an important position in the social security system, which includes medical care, annuity, employment and labor/calamity insurance, etc. The establishment and gradual perfection of Japan's social security system play an important role in insurance of national life and stability of social economy. 日本在战前就存在诸如恤救规则、救护法的救贫制度及健康保险、工人年金保险等社会保险,但作为比较成体系的社会保障制度的建立则是在二战以后。20世纪70年代中期,日本形成了初具规模的社会保障体制。日本社会保障制度可以分为:生活保护、社会福利、社会保险、公共卫生、环境政策等。而在社会保障制度中占重要地位的社会保险制度,主要包括医疗、年金、雇佣、劳动灾害保险等各项内容。日本社会保障制度的建立和逐步完善对保障国民生活、稳定社会经济发挥了重要作用。
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