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This is the first paper in China on the whole history of journalism in brazil. It narrates the developing course of journalism in Brazil, and shows properties in Brazil journalism history as follows: 1.For the lack of the traditional native culture basis, the Brazil journalismin an outcome of foreign culture transmitting. Its audience is also composed mainly of the races coming abroad. 2.The nationality of Brazil is coming into being in peace... This is the first paper in China on the whole history of journalism in brazil. It narrates the developing course of journalism in Brazil, and shows properties in Brazil journalism history as follows: 1.For the lack of the traditional native culture basis, the Brazil journalismin an outcome of foreign culture transmitting. Its audience is also composed mainly of the races coming abroad. 2.The nationality of Brazil is coming into being in peace mode, so racialism seldom exists. Educational equality makes the broad way of mass communication and receiving news. 3.A liberal policy of the press was put in practice after Brazil established at the beginning of the 19th century. This established the structure that Brazil journalism is mainly running privately. 4.For the cause of history, both politicians and public are illiberal on the nature of democracy regime. This is the cause of Vargas autarchy on press in the decades from 30?s to 50?s. After being ruled by soldiery from 60?s to 80?s, they look mature and come to the developing road wholly directed by market. n degree; comprehensive evaluation 这是国内首篇关于巴西完整新闻史的单独文章, 除了叙述巴西的新闻业历史外, 主要说明了该国新闻史的以下特点: 一、巴西新闻业基本没有原有文化的传统基础, 而是外来文化传播的结果; 它的受众群也是以外来种族为主。二、由于巴西民族基本上是在和平方式中逐渐形成的, 很少存在种族歧视问题, 教育平等,这就给广泛的新闻传播和接受铺平了道路。三、巴西19 世纪初建国后, 就实行了新闻出版自由的政策, 从而奠定了巴西新闻业以民营为主的格局。四、由于历史的原因, 无论巴西政治家和公众, 缺乏民主政体的素养, 因而巴西新闻业经历了30 —50 年代的瓦加斯独裁、60 —80 年代的军人统治后, 才显得较为成熟, 走上了完全市场化的发展道路。 This article is intended to give an analysis of the development and change of receivers in the network trans-mitting age. The strengthening of receiver-oriented consciousness, the new conception of time and space; the conversionand replacement of characters by the transmitters and receivers, the more definite receiving instructions of receivers are allincluded. These changes have led to the disintegration of the traditional receiving groups consequertly, the traditional me-dia have to renew the tronsmitting... This article is intended to give an analysis of the development and change of receivers in the network trans-mitting age. The strengthening of receiver-oriented consciousness, the new conception of time and space; the conversionand replacement of characters by the transmitters and receivers, the more definite receiving instructions of receivers are allincluded. These changes have led to the disintegration of the traditional receiving groups consequertly, the traditional me-dia have to renew the tronsmitting conception, broaden their ways of thinking and make full use of their own advantagesto attract the attertion of the mass receivers. 进入网络传媒时代,人们的思维方式、思维空间、工作方式和生活方式都将发生很大变化,受众本位意识增强,拥有新的时空观,传播者和受众随时可以进行角色转换,受众的接收指向更加明确。这些变化引起了传统受众群的解体。因此,传统媒体要更新传播理念,开拓思路,发挥自身的优势,吸引受众的注意力。 In the age of communication globalization the media in the Chinese language is confronted with a stern challenge.Yet with a largest audience in the world the Chinese media, which is rooted in the rich historical heritage and long cultural tradition, will surely enjoy an even wider communication.Such goals of renewing the communication concepts, enhancing the development of the Chinese cultures and communicating them all over the world will eventually be attained. 在传播全球化时代 ,华文媒体面临着严峻的挑战。华文媒体拥有全球最广大的受众群和广泛的传播区域 ,有着中华五千年深厚的文化积淀作依托 ,具有实现全球化传播的良好条件。更新传播理念、弘扬中华优良文化传统 ,以“大中华文化圈”为依托 ,将华夏文明撒播全球 ,是广大华文媒体的全球化生存目标。
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