With the further development of the underwater research and exploitation, more and more research methods should be utilized, such as underwater vehicles, the video system as well as other kinds of exploration equipments, therefore the high accurate navigation and localization is the precondition to realize the underwater high accuracy, high efficiency scientific research and production activities.
Encapsulated chemical sensors had already been successfully carried to deep sea in order to observe the hydrothermal fluid or the diffuse plume by the Deep Submergence Vehicle.