A Comparative Study on the Effect of ABT-418 and Methylphenidate on the Locomotor Activity, Spatal Learning, Anxiety, Non-selective Attention and the Expression of α_4β_2 Nicotinic Receptor of SHR: An Animal Model of ADHD
Results 123 valid questionnaires were retrieved,the investigation showed patients of 90.2%(111/123) were in abnormal state,the proportjon of anxious patientsand depressed patieme and patients not give serious thought to anyting were56.1%(69/123),21.1%(26/l123)and 13.0%(l6/123) respectively,the proportion of patients with normal state is only 9.8%(12/123).
① The scores were 10.4±2.46 and 16.8±5.94 of anxious and depressive patients during acute burn period, which were higher than those in normal group (4.29±2.26, 5.48±2.06, P=0.01).
The anxiety and depression positive rate of those who had made social surveys in summer vacation are lower than that of those who had done respectively(16.8 % < 38.9 %,34.4 % < 58.9 %,P all,< 0.05).
② The scores of abdominal withdrawal reflex under the dilatation pressures of 20, 40, 60 and 80 mm Hg were all significantly higher in the anxiety group than in the control group (2.00,3.00,4.00,4.00);
The scores on depressive neurosis and phobia were significantly higher than those on the anxiety and obsessive-compulsive neurosis (53.26±14.58,52.26±13.24, 49.97±17.12,50.37±14.59);
① Reaction of emotional behaviors in rats: During stress, rats in the anxiety group had main manifestations of obvious exploratory and attack behaviors, but less embellishment, there were significant differences as compared with those in the control group (2.61±0.25, 3.29±0.31, 0.33±0.17);
[Methods]208 cases in the countryside and 290 cases in the city were surveyed with Family Environment Scale Chinese Version(FES-cv),Interaction Anxiousness Scale(IAS)and Fear of Negative Evaluation(FNE)scale.
Results SCL-90 total marks of practical nurses, and the force, sensitive organizational affiliation,depression, anxiousness, hostility, terror, stubborn, and other nine factors mark were lower than the self-contrast group and constant of third year senior girl student (P<0.05~0.01).
Characteristics of the energy metabolism, external ventilation, and spectral characteristics of the EEG in an examination situation were studied in students with high and low neuroticism and situational anxiety.
Higher energy expenditures, CO2 concentration, and the value of ΔO2 in the exhaled air were observed in students with high neuroticism and situational anxiety during the stressful preexam situation.
High values of the respiratory quotient, flow rate, and respiration frequency were observed in students with low neuroticism and situational anxiety before the examination at heightened energy expenditures.
This indicates that, in anxious children, due to the excess activation of the sympathetic division of the ANS, the information load has a higher physiological cost.
Inhibition of the anxiogenic effect following introduction of two anxiogenic agents, 5-HT-moduline and cholecystokinin-4 (CCK-4), indicated that CCK-B and 5-HTIB receptors interacted during the modulation of anxious behavior.
Moreover, only sons of middle-class families are significantly less anxious than only lower working-class boys, while lower working-class late-borns are significantly more extraverted and less neurotic than middle-class late-borns.
In addition, separate stimulation of each eye led to an improvement in the anxiety and exercise performance indices (the Luscher color test) and a significant correlation between the intensity of EEG responses and changes in the general state.
Acute injections had weak influence on experimental animals, but chronic postnatal administration (1-14 days after birth) of these peptides decreased the anxiety level and improved the learning ability in a food-reinforced maze.
Finally, as subjects appear to have bid in equilibrium as if there were two other competitors instead of only one, their bidding behaviour can be thought to have displayed an over anxiousness about winning.
Two verbal rating scales were administered after treatment to assess subjective feelings of test anxiousness and psychology test scores were recorded to assess performance changes before and after treatment.