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The article presents fundamental concepts of"Military Science of Science". In the fields of military science of science, five military functions of science are summarized from comprehensive data of science and technology development and military history. They are materialized fighting force function, living effective function, military structure function, operation mode reform function and function to accelerate dying out of war. Based on all these analyses, the author put forward the main points for military... The article presents fundamental concepts of"Military Science of Science". In the fields of military science of science, five military functions of science are summarized from comprehensive data of science and technology development and military history. They are materialized fighting force function, living effective function, military structure function, operation mode reform function and function to accelerate dying out of war. Based on all these analyses, the author put forward the main points for military modernization efforts. 本文提出了科学军事学的基本概念。在科学军事学的研究领域里,根据科学技术史和军事史的大量资料,研究得出科学的五种军事功能,即物化战斗力功能、活化战斗力功能、军事结构功能、变革作战方式功能和促进战争消亡功能。在此基础上提出了军队现代化建设的重点。 There are two basic trends in the development of technology.One is autonomy,the other is non—atonomy.Autonomy of technology development is determinedby the natural attribute of technology,it reflects the relationship between hu-man and nature,non—autonomy of technology development is determined by thesocial attribute of technology,and reflects the relationship between human andsociety.In modern society,non—autonomy is in dominant position.This meansthe need of social controlling of techology.It... There are two basic trends in the development of technology.One is autonomy,the other is non—atonomy.Autonomy of technology development is determinedby the natural attribute of technology,it reflects the relationship between hu-man and nature,non—autonomy of technology development is determined by thesocial attribute of technology,and reflects the relationship between human andsociety.In modern society,non—autonomy is in dominant position.This meansthe need of social controlling of techology.It should be a important thesis in re-form of system of science and techology. 自主技术论是技术决定论的变种,在技术哲学和技术社会学中占有重要的理论地位。本文全面分析了自主技术论的基本观点及其有价值的方面,指出了它的片面性和局限性.在此基础上,本文认为,技术的自然属性决定了技术的自主发展规律,技术和社会属性决定了技术的非自主发展规律.技术的自主发展指技术系统内部存在的逻辑规律性,不受外部条件和环境影响;技术的非自主发展指社会因素限制了技术的发展速度、方向和规模,在宏观整体、中观群体和微观个体三个层次上对技术施加作用。技术的两种发展趋势在不同的历史时期具有不同的特点,第二次世界大战以后,这两种发展趋势有机地结合起来。在体制改革时期,应致力于协调科技体制与政治、经济和文化体制之间的关系,有效地实现技术的社会控制,应该建立一种具有特殊功能的组织机构——技术的社会建制. This article outlines, through a lot of vivid examples, the achievements made by the Na- tional Natural Science Foundation of China in the last three years since its establishment, which indicate the important role played by science foundation system in the strategy of science and technology development of the country. And meanwhile, essential experience gained by the foundation is also shown in it: reformation in science and technology system is stressed as motive force, competitive mechanisim as... This article outlines, through a lot of vivid examples, the achievements made by the Na- tional Natural Science Foundation of China in the last three years since its establishment, which indicate the important role played by science foundation system in the strategy of science and technology development of the country. And meanwhile, essential experience gained by the foundation is also shown in it: reformation in science and technology system is stressed as motive force, competitive mechanisim as lifesource, expert evaluation system as magic weapon in the activities of foundation system. 本文以大量生动的事例,概述基金委成立三年来的工作成绩,说明科学基金制在国家科技发展战略中的重要作用。同时,指出科学基金工作的基本经验,强调科技体制改革是科学基金工作的动力,竞争机制是科学基金工作生命的源泉,专家评审系统是基金制工作的法宝。最后,作者充满信心地指出,基金制将越来越受到重视,科学基金的额度必将随国家经济实力的增强而增加,科学专家评审系统的作用将得到加强。表示今后在加强科学基金工作建设的同时。要改善内部管理,加强思想和作风建设,为发展和繁荣我国自然科学事业做出贡献。
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