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The location of rescue centers is a key problem in optimal resource allocation and logistics in emergency response.
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Dynamic multicast traffic grooming in wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) networks was analyzed to minimize networkwide costs and to increase the network resource utilization.
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A network model was developed for dynamic multicast traffic grooming with resource constraints and an algorithm that can provide quality of service (QoS) was proposed.
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The simulation support platform architecture consists of the management layer, the resource layer, the communication layer, the application layer and the infrastructure layer.
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The best way is to design and realize the M>amp;amp;S collaborative environment for simulation support platform in the resource-communication-application three-dimension space.
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| Economic benefit of product quality is an important component of business and social benefit. Improving product quality will result in increasing social wealth, raising occupation rate of product market and increasing business income. It is an effective approach to saving resources and exploiting the efficiency of them. Particularly, enhanciong the quality of machine or tools will bring out a good chain reaction to the improvement of product quality economic benefit. The key to seeking for economic benefit... Economic benefit of product quality is an important component of business and social benefit. Improving product quality will result in increasing social wealth, raising occupation rate of product market and increasing business income. It is an effective approach to saving resources and exploiting the efficiency of them. Particularly, enhanciong the quality of machine or tools will bring out a good chain reaction to the improvement of product quality economic benefit. The key to seeking for economic benefit is quality economic benefit. After-event calculation of macro-quality-economic-benefit is expressed by qualty economic benefit=(output of improving quality)-(input of improving qualitY) Before-event calculation of micro-quality-economic-benefit is expressed by L(y)=K(y-m_0)~2 | 产品质量的经济效益,是企业与社会经济效益的重要组成部分,因此,提高产品质量是增加社会财富的重要源泉,是提高产品的市场占有率与增加企业收入的重要因素,是节约资源、发挥资源效能的有效途径,特别是提高机器设备与工具的质量,更会形成产品质量不断提高、经济效益不断增长的一种良性连锁反应。因此,谋求经济效益的重点,是质量的经济效益。宏观的质量经济效益的事后计算,一般可用下式: 质量经济效益=(提高质量的输出)-(提高质量输入)微观的质量经济效益的事前计算,一般可用下式: L(Y)=K(Y-m_0)~2 | As asynthesized study of the performance of Shanghai's more than 30 state-ownedenterprises, the article draws public attention to the problems which, having becomeobvious in that particular city, might be common to many parts of China. The majorhandicaps embarrassing those enterprises, as listed by the author, include the lack offunds, few chances to get loans, inadequate supply of raw materials, obstacles to thecollection of debts and to the honouring of the economic contracts, inadequate roleof the law in... As asynthesized study of the performance of Shanghai's more than 30 state-ownedenterprises, the article draws public attention to the problems which, having becomeobvious in that particular city, might be common to many parts of China. The majorhandicaps embarrassing those enterprises, as listed by the author, include the lack offunds, few chances to get loans, inadequate supply of raw materials, obstacles to thecollection of debts and to the honouring of the economic contracts, inadequate roleof the law in economic disputes, irrational tax scales, wide gap between the pricesfor input and those for output, overburdening on the enterprises' own resources, unpor-portionally small share in the gains reserved for the enterprises' own growth, exces-sive administrative intervention from the higher levels and excessive demand for do-nations to social wellfare. These problems, the solution of which lies in the reformsin the economic system, now call for systematic theoretical study. | 本文是对上海三十多家国营企业的综合调查,所反映的问题具有普遍性。调查表明企业存在如下主要困难:资金短缺;贷款难;原料来源难;讨债难;执行经济合同难;企业不敢依法处理经济纠纷;税收制度不合理;价格进出差距悬殊;企业压力大;留利太少阻碍企业发展;上级行政干预过多;社会负担过重。以上问题有待通过经济体制改革而得到解决。同时,这些问题也向理论工作者提出了新课题。 | A total of 2 points are reviewed by the present article,an exposition on the ba-sic tentative ideas about the share system in China;they are:1.Patterns of shares;2.Choice of enterprises for experiment;3.Coversion of such an euterprise's net assets into shares;4.Proportional distribution of the three different types of shares,and the do-minance over an enterprise;5.A joint-stock corporation's internal and external administrative systems;6.Types of shares and the resources of fund;7.Registration for such... A total of 2 points are reviewed by the present article,an exposition on the ba-sic tentative ideas about the share system in China;they are:1.Patterns of shares;2.Choice of enterprises for experiment;3.Coversion of such an euterprise's net assets into shares;4.Proportional distribution of the three different types of shares,and the do-minance over an enterprise;5.A joint-stock corporation's internal and external administrative systems;6.Types of shares and the resources of fund;7.Registration for such corporations and the transfer of shares;8.Government policies on the distribution of shares;9.Financial income and the tax system;10.Funding for the pensions for the retirees and the issue of unemploy-ment;11.Such a corporations bankruptsy and liquidation;and12.External conditions for the experiment with such corporations and the refo-rms associated with such experiments.The author of the article calls for further exploration on the joint-stock systemwhich he holds as one way of flexible administration of the enterprises. | 本文从理论上探讨我国企业试行股份制的基本设想,涉及到下述十二个问题:(一)股份的类型;(二)试点企业的选择;(三)试点企业的凈资产折股问题;(四)三种股份的比例和控制权;(五)股份公司的内外管理体制;(六)股票的种类和购股的资金来源;(七)股份公司的注册登记和股票转让;(八)有关股息分配的政策;(九)财政收入和税收体制,(十)股份公司职工退休金的筹措和待业问题;(十一)股份公司的破产清算问题;(十二)试行股份制的外部案件和配套改革。作者认为,股份制是搞活企业的一种途径,应展开进一步探讨。 | | | | << 更多相关文摘 |
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