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There is in circulation a claim that the herb known as Chin-Chien.Chao is good for treatment of vesical calculus.There are however two en- tirely different plants known under this name. One of them is purehable in Shanghai and is Glechoma hederacea.L.;the other is procurable in Canton & is Desmodium Stryracifolium (Osbe)Merr. (Desmodium retroflexum D.C.).Both are being used & are claimed with the same benefit,However,the uses of one may not aware of the other variety. It is highly inprobable that the two plants... There is in circulation a claim that the herb known as Chin-Chien.Chao is good for treatment of vesical calculus.There are however two en- tirely different plants known under this name. One of them is purehable in Shanghai and is Glechoma hederacea.L.;the other is procurable in Canton & is Desmodium Stryracifolium (Osbe)Merr. (Desmodium retroflexum D.C.).Both are being used & are claimed with the same benefit,However,the uses of one may not aware of the other variety. It is highly inprobable that the two plants should give the same curative benefit and that benefit is derived from some characteristically active princi- ple.Some accredit the apparent benefit of Chin- Chien-Chao to large water in-take which usually associates with the administration of the drug. This deserves serious consideration in tracing the real value of the herb.In the article there has been assembled complete informations on Glechoma hederacea L.Similar informations have been sought for Desmodium stryracifolium (osb.) Merr (Desmodium retroflexum D.C.)but there are not available;This plant is apparently not as much studied as the other one,Glechoma hederacea L.. 1.目前流行着草药金钱草可治膀胱结石的一种说法。2.然据调查发现有同名异物的雨种金钱草都说可能治疗膀胱结石,一种可在上海草药铺中购到,据观察其学名为 Glechoma hederacea L.也即是一般所称之连钱草,江苏省中医院正在用此种金钱草治膀胱结石。另一种可在广州购到,其学名为 Desmodium Stryracifolium(Osb.)Merr.(Desmodiam retroflexum D.C.)也有诊所及患者正在用这种金钱草治膀胱结石。3.对于在上海所购的金钱草(Glechoma hederacea L.)作了较全面的文献查阅及综述。4.对于在广州所购的金钱草,除华南植物志一书外,不能查得其他关涉的记载。5.雨种甚至不同科的植物,若果能同样治疗膀胱结石,不大可能由于某种特效成分。6.因此有人疑心金钱草的可能实际效应,乃由于大量水分的摄取,其说不是无因的,但证实尚有待。 6-Chloro-7-sulfamyl-l,2,4-benzothiadiazine-1,1-dioxide (chlorothiazide) is an orally effective diuretic and is being employed for the treatment of hypertension. Many workers have reported the chemistry and pharmacology of this compound and its analogs. But the mechanism of the antihypertensive action has not been fully elucidated. It seemed to be of interest to us to analyse the structural features conducive to diuretic and antihypertensive activities. Five types of compounds have been prepared for the purpose... 6-Chloro-7-sulfamyl-l,2,4-benzothiadiazine-1,1-dioxide (chlorothiazide) is an orally effective diuretic and is being employed for the treatment of hypertension. Many workers have reported the chemistry and pharmacology of this compound and its analogs. But the mechanism of the antihypertensive action has not been fully elucidated. It seemed to be of interest to us to analyse the structural features conducive to diuretic and antihypertensive activities. Five types of compounds have been prepared for the purpose of studying the relationship between chemical structure and biological activities and of searching for a better antihypertensive agent. Physical data of these compounds were assembled in tables 1 to 12 in the Chinese text. Most of the compounds prepared were derived from 4-amino-6-chloro-l,3-benzenedisulfonamide, but compounds containing trifluoromethyl were also made. The intermediate disulfonamides were prepared by chlorosulfonation of m-chloroaniline with chlorosulfonic acid in large excess (ocassionally with added phosphorus trichloride or sodium chloride), followed by treatment with ammonia or with simple aliphatic and aromatic amines. The sulfonamides were condensed with aldehydes and ketones to give substituted 1,2,4-benzothiadiazine-1,1-dioxide. Pharmacologic studies will be reported elsewhere. 为了寻找更有效的苯駢噻二嗉类的降压药物,合成了五个类型化合物共五十二个.(1)間位氯代苯胺与过量氯磺酸反应(另加三氯化磷),产生的双磺酰氯与氫氧化铵或脂族胺,芳香胺,脂环胺等作用可得到相应的双磺酰胺.間位三氟甲基苯胺先轉变成2-三氟甲基-4氨基-苯磺酸后再氯磺化、氨化可得到相应的双磺酰胺.苯胺經氯磺化、氨化得到三磺酰胺.(2)磺酰胺与脂族醛、芳香醛作用,縮合成苯駢噻二嗪类化合物.这些化合物不溶于水及酸而溶于碱,因此可利用此性质,进行化合物的純制.三磺酰胺与甲醛反应得到三环化合物,而与乙醛反应得苯駢噻二嗪衍生物.(3)双磺酰胺与酮也可进行縮合,但此醛类困难. Isolations and routine diagnosis of the causal virus of a mosaic disease of adzuki-bean,which was usually very common and severe in Peking,were made during 1962 and 1963.Thesymptoms produced on the adzuki-bean plants after being inoculated with the virus isolatewere the same as those observed in fields,namely chlorotic blotches or mild mottling of the firstleaves and mosaics,slight puckering,rolling,convex cupping and marginal identation of thelater developed leaves.The infected plants usually became stunted... Isolations and routine diagnosis of the causal virus of a mosaic disease of adzuki-bean,which was usually very common and severe in Peking,were made during 1962 and 1963.Thesymptoms produced on the adzuki-bean plants after being inoculated with the virus isolatewere the same as those observed in fields,namely chlorotic blotches or mild mottling of the firstleaves and mosaics,slight puckering,rolling,convex cupping and marginal identation of thelater developed leaves.The infected plants usually became stunted and developed numerous budsin rosttes at each node.This virus isolate was demonstrated to live in vitro (ca.20℃ to 22℃) for 24 hours,toressist a thermal inactivation up to 60-65℃ for ten minutes and to endure a dilution up to1:3,000 to 1:4,000.Transmission of this virus through adzuki-bean and cowpea seeds was demonstrated andthe percentages of transmission were 1.6% and 17.2% respectively.Myzus persicae Sulz.,Rhopalosiphum pseudobrassicae Davis,Aphis gossypii Glover andMacrosiphum pisi Kalt.were able to transmit the virus in greenhouse tests and their efficienciesof transmission followed the order mentioned above.Some species of leguminosae,including Vigna sinensis (1.) Endl.,V.cylindrica (L.)Skeels.Phaseolus vulgaris L.var.,Pisum sativum L.,Dolichos lablab,L.,Vicia fabaL.,Glycine soja Sieb.et Zucc.were readily infected and did not show any necroticensiformis Dc.was very difficult,if not impossible,to infect and did not show any necroticspots.Other legumes tested,including Phaseolus mungo L.,Cassia mimosoides L.,Lupinusperennis L.,Lathyrus palustris L.,Astragalus sinicus L.,Trifolium repens L.and T.hybridumL.were found to be immune.Some members of Solanaceae,Cucurbitaceae,Amaranthaceae,Compositae,Cruciferae,Umbelliferae and Chenopodiaceae were inoculated,however,none ofthem was infected except Spinacea oleracea Mill.,Matthiola sp.and Cheiranthus cherii.Onleaves of the last named plant minute chlorotic spots were produced,but not very consistent.The writers were of the opinion that the so-called cowpea mosaic viruses so far reportedmight be assembled into two main groups:one with short longevity in vitro of usually notexceeding 72 hours and the other with rather long longevity of 15 to 20 days.To the formerbelonged the virus isolates of Mclean (1941),Yu (1946),Snyder (1942) and Hino (1960),whileto the latter belonged the isolates of Dale (1949),Capoor & Varma (1956),Semangoen (1958),Chant (1962) and Robert & Robert (1962).The former group was considered to be AsparagusBean Mosaic Virus (AbMV) and the latter retained the name Cowpea Mosaic virus (CpMV).The present isolate evidently agreed mainly with the AbMV although having some minordiscrepancies and therefore it was considered to be a distinct strain of the Asparagus BeanMosaic Virus. 赤豆花叶病在北京相当严重,病株达10—40%。病株分离物用常规汁液摩接法接于赤豆幼苗,初生透明褪绿小点或轻微斑驳,后表现花叶及疱斑,重者叶扭折畸形,叶缘缺刻,株矮,(?)小而少。同一病毒接种于豇豆(Vigna sinensis L.)上,与赤豆上的症状无明显的差别。这个病毒的物理属性为:致死温度60—65℃10分钟,稀释限点1∶3000—1∶4000,体外存活仅24小时。病株所结种子有传毒能力,视寄主不同而有所差异,赤豆种子发病率仅1.6%,而豇豆种子发病率为17.2%。桃蚜、豆蚜、棉蚜及菜缢管蚜皆能传播此病毒。寄主范围为多种豆科作物,如豇豆、藊豆、大豆、蚕豆及芸豆、豌豆,黎科的菠菜,十字花科的桂竹香、紫罗栏等。除在桂竹香上生褪绿小点外,余均表现系统花叶症。但不侵染紫云英、绿豆、山扁豆、三叶草、苜蓿、黄瓜、南瓜、烟草、藜、千日红、苋及芹菜等。据此,作者等认为它不是黄瓜花叶病毒的株系,亦不同于日野的赤豆花叶病毒(豇豆花叶病毒的一个株系),与典型的长豇豆花叶病毒有较多的共同点,因此认为是长豇豆花叶病毒(AbMV)种羣中的一个新株系。
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