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This is an interesting factural report on the psychology of Chinese intellectuals today. It shows that as a community the intellectuals are characterized by a very high consciousness of the meaning and impact of the modern times. Looking at things from an objective and critical point of view, they are discontented with the status quo and embrace an urgent hope that the national disposition of the Chinese be remolded.They have a high enterprising spirit and the courage to make innovations and adventures,... This is an interesting factural report on the psychology of Chinese intellectuals today. It shows that as a community the intellectuals are characterized by a very high consciousness of the meaning and impact of the modern times. Looking at things from an objective and critical point of view, they are discontented with the status quo and embrace an urgent hope that the national disposition of the Chinese be remolded.They have a high enterprising spirit and the courage to make innovations and adventures, while they hold a firm belief in the independence of the mind,they know how to make compramises for the interest of the majority of the population,though they argue strongly when they believe they are right.Reluctant to take part in political activities,the intellecturals have an intense interest in politics itself. 这篇生动的社会调查报告,深刻地反映了知识分子的精神面貌.知识分子是现代性程度最高的群体,他们具有强烈的批判意识,不满足现状,迫切要求重塑国民性格;具有最强的进取意识,敢于创新和冒险;具有最强的自主意识,能委曲求全,也会据理力争;他们热心政治但不积极参与政治生活.这是一幅知识分子的心态图. This paper presents for the first time the geography of community,and systematically, introduces some basic geographical conceptions,the objests, the problems,the theories and the methods for study and brifly analyses its position in human geography and its present resarch situation and 本文首次提出了社区地理学,系统地介绍了社区地理学的几个基本概念、研究对象及课题、研究的理论、研究的方法和社区地理学在人文地理学中的地位及社区地理学的研究简况,并根据中国人文地理学的现状,提出了开展社区地理学研究的具体建议。 here are two ways to interpret the word “society”:as a group in which manyindividuals live together,and as a social reality,which is more than individuals incollection. Based on his own personal experience in study and research in the fieldsof sociology and anthropology, the author reviewed the process of his understandingof“society”,pointing out that community study should take the above two viewstogether,instead of liniiting itself to the study of social structure, More attentionsbould be paid to people,the... here are two ways to interpret the word “society”:as a group in which manyindividuals live together,and as a social reality,which is more than individuals incollection. Based on his own personal experience in study and research in the fieldsof sociology and anthropology, the author reviewed the process of his understandingof“society”,pointing out that community study should take the above two viewstogether,instead of liniiting itself to the study of social structure, More attentionsbould be paid to people,the socialized individuals.In the field of sociology,weshould take not only the economical and behavioral approach, but also the psycboa-nalytical approach.We should also learn from the Chinese experience sincc ancienttimes about people and their relationship. 对“社会”一词在学术界有两种看法:一是看作众多个人集合生活的群体,个人是实体。一是群体具有社会结构成为超越个人的实体,个人只是载体。通过作者一生在人类学、社会学领域的求学与从事研究工作的体会,本文回顾了对这两种看法认识的发展过程,并批判了两者各有偏重、失实之处,指出目前开展的社区研究要提高一步,不仅应研究社会结构,还要研究活生生的人,应从生态(人与自然的关系)的研究进一步发展到关于人们的心态研究,并应致力发掘中国几千年发展起来的关于人、关于中和位育的经验,贡献给当今的世界。
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