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Our study indicates that the model can be applied to study the interaction between land surface processes and atmospheric boundary layers over various underlying surfaces and their regional climate effects.
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This paper will establish a solid foundation to investigations on the coupling of climate models and the biosphere.
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This area has a harsh climate due to low temperatures and low air pressure at high elevations.
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With a temperate continental monsoon climate, the mountain area belongs to the warm temperate deciduous broad-leaved forest region.
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It is important to be able to monitor and estimate forest biomass and production, regional carbon storage, and global climate change impacts on these important vegetation types.
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| The tectonic movements of the compound platform in Eastern China have deep effects upon the coal formations.Due to tectonic control, the distribution of coal basins in the Mesozoic Era, the limitation of rock facies in the coal formations and the magmatic activity effecting the quality of coal, all appear to follow certain laws of regularity.Types of formations in this era, present more varieties than those of the Paleozoic, in general, faulted depressions are most common. The whole history of coalification... The tectonic movements of the compound platform in Eastern China have deep effects upon the coal formations.Due to tectonic control, the distribution of coal basins in the Mesozoic Era, the limitation of rock facies in the coal formations and the magmatic activity effecting the quality of coal, all appear to follow certain laws of regularity.Types of formations in this era, present more varieties than those of the Paleozoic, in general, faulted depressions are most common. The whole history of coalification showed that the crustal movement was not regular and the difference in the degree of subsidence also effect the depositional environments. All the above facts are believed to be the direct causes for the frequent change of space in the process of coalification; while the effect of climate seems to be of minor importance.The general occurrence of folding and block-movement in the Mesozoic constantly helps in promoting the topographic changes of the continetal area. Landforms are becoming more complicated. Different paleogeographic environments present different coal formations, thus resulting great many types of paleogeography regarding coalification.Types of coal-bearing rock series are not only of alternating marine and continental origin, but also include all kinds of typical continental sediments. The rock nature and facies as well as the coal-bearing condition of each type, all have their special characteristics. | 中国东部地台的构造运动对含煤建造具有深刻的影响. 由于构造的控造,中生代聚煤盆地的分布,含煤建造的岩相控制、岩浆活动对煤质的影响均有显著的规律性.建造类型较古生代多样化,一般以断裂凹陷型为最普遍.整个聚煤历史表明由于地壳运动不均一、沉降幅度不同等因素影响了沉积环境,从而使聚煤作用发生空间方面迁移的现象,而气候影响则为次要的因素. 中生代广泛的折皱和块断运动不断加深了大陆地形的变化,地貌景观益加复杂,不同的古地理环境形成不同的含煤建造,因而聚煤古地理类型繁多.中生代含煤岩系既具有海陆交替相沉积也有各式各样的陆相沉积,每一类型的岩性、岩相及含煤性均有各自的特点. | In eastern China Cainozoic basalts are widely distributed, but its gelogical ages are still a problem and discussed among geologists. For that reason two typical sec-tions of basalts located nearby Nanking have been studied by the a. c. demagnetizing technique of rock samples. It is shown that their remanent magnetism seems to be very stable. The rock samples collected from the Fangshan basalt group in district Jiangning give the mean direction of Dr = 195°29', J = - 54°9' with a mean inten-sity of magnetization... In eastern China Cainozoic basalts are widely distributed, but its gelogical ages are still a problem and discussed among geologists. For that reason two typical sec-tions of basalts located nearby Nanking have been studied by the a. c. demagnetizing technique of rock samples. It is shown that their remanent magnetism seems to be very stable. The rock samples collected from the Fangshan basalt group in district Jiangning give the mean direction of Dr = 195°29', J = - 54°9' with a mean inten-sity of magnetization 8.1 X 10-4 CGSM, corresponding to a palaeomagnetic polar position of λp= 192°35' E, φp = 76°47' N; and the rock samples collected from the Lingyanshan basalt group in district Liuhe give the mean direction of Dr = 354°44', Jr = 42°12' with a mean intensity of magnetization 26.4 X 10-4 CGSM, corresponding to a palaeomagnetic: polar position of λp= 329°38' E, φp = 80°36' N. Based on the above results some conclusions may be obtained as follows:1. The polarity of rocks from the Lingyanshan basalt group is distinctly dif-ferent from that of the Fangshan basalt group. The polarity of the former is nor-mal, possibly comparable with the Brunhes epoch; whereas the polarity of the latter is reversed, comparable with the Matuyama epoch.2. The paleomagnetic polar position obtained from rocks of the Lingyanshan basalt group appears to be nearer to the present geographic pole than that from the Fangshan group, showing the difference of their time eruption, the former was younger than the latter.3. The paleolatitudes in which both the Lingyanshan and Fangshan basalt groups were formed are considered as intermediate latitudes with sub-tropical climate.4. Comparing with the paleomagnetic data for rock ages from various regions of the world and referring to the animal fossils contained in the underlying and overlying beds of this two basalt groups and also the petrological properties, it is more reasonable to consider the geological ages of the Lingyanshan basalt group and the Fangshan basalt group as Q2-Q3 and N2-Q1, respectively. | 中国东部广泛分布着新生代的玄武岩,其地质时代始终是一个争议的问题。本文作者对南京附近地区的两个标准玄武岩组剖面进行了古地磁学研究,使用交变场退磁法检验了样品,证明它们的剩磁稳定性良好,测得江宁方山玄武岩组的I,平均值为8.1×10~(-4)CGSM,D_r=195°29′、J_r=-54°9′,古地磁南极位置为λ_P=192°35′E、Φ_P=76°47′N;六合灵岩山玄武岩组的l,平均值为26.4×10~(-4)CGSM,D_r=354°44′,J_r=42°12′,古地磁北极位置为λ_P=329°38′E、Φ_p=80°36′N,并得出如下结论: (1)六合灵岩山玄武岩组和江宁方山玄武岩组的极性截然不同,灵岩山玄武岩组的岩石磁性全系正向,可能相当于布容期(Brunhes epoch),方山玄武岩组的岩石磁性全属反向,可能相当于松山期(Matuyama epoch); (2)灵岩山玄武岩组测得的古北极相距现今的北极要比方山玄武岩组的近一些,清晰地表明它们的形成时间绝非同一时期,而是灵岩山玄武岩组要晚,方山玄武岩组要早; (3)灵岩山玄武岩组和方山玄武岩组形成时期的岩石产地所处的古纬度都是中纬度地区,属亚热带... 中国东部广泛分布着新生代的玄武岩,其地质时代始终是一个争议的问题。本文作者对南京附近地区的两个标准玄武岩组剖面进行了古地磁学研究,使用交变场退磁法检验了样品,证明它们的剩磁稳定性良好,测得江宁方山玄武岩组的I,平均值为8.1×10~(-4)CGSM,D_r=195°29′、J_r=-54°9′,古地磁南极位置为λ_P=192°35′E、Φ_P=76°47′N;六合灵岩山玄武岩组的l,平均值为26.4×10~(-4)CGSM,D_r=354°44′,J_r=42°12′,古地磁北极位置为λ_P=329°38′E、Φ_p=80°36′N,并得出如下结论: (1)六合灵岩山玄武岩组和江宁方山玄武岩组的极性截然不同,灵岩山玄武岩组的岩石磁性全系正向,可能相当于布容期(Brunhes epoch),方山玄武岩组的岩石磁性全属反向,可能相当于松山期(Matuyama epoch); (2)灵岩山玄武岩组测得的古北极相距现今的北极要比方山玄武岩组的近一些,清晰地表明它们的形成时间绝非同一时期,而是灵岩山玄武岩组要晚,方山玄武岩组要早; (3)灵岩山玄武岩组和方山玄武岩组形成时期的岩石产地所处的古纬度都是中纬度地区,属亚热带气候; (4)对比世界各地区一些有关时代的岩石古地磁学数据,参照这两套玄武岩组的上下地层中所含有的古生物化石及岩石学特征,六合灵岩山玄武岩组的地质时代似应为Q_2—Q_3,江宁方? | The Xujiayao site is situated on the west bank of the Liyikou, a small tributary of the Sangan River, passing through Yangkao county, Shansi Province.There many pollen grains of arbor, shrub and herb have been found in the sediments. The arboreous pollen grains are mainly of coniferales including the genera Pinus, Picea, Abies and Betula etc. Shrub and herb pollen mainly belong to Ephedra, Artemisia Chenopodiaceae and Umbelliferae.Basing upon the results obtained it is believed that the Xujiayao site was once... The Xujiayao site is situated on the west bank of the Liyikou, a small tributary of the Sangan River, passing through Yangkao county, Shansi Province.There many pollen grains of arbor, shrub and herb have been found in the sediments. The arboreous pollen grains are mainly of coniferales including the genera Pinus, Picea, Abies and Betula etc. Shrub and herb pollen mainly belong to Ephedra, Artemisia Chenopodiaceae and Umbelliferae.Basing upon the results obtained it is believed that the Xujiayao site was once covered by a forest-steppe vegetation. The appearance of many cold-resistant members, such as Picea, Abies etc. in the flora implies a cold climate in the past, comparable to the wurm glacial stage in Europe and the Tali glacial stage in China with an average annual temperature of about 4° which is lower than that of today.Comparing this pollen spectrum with those of Huangshan near Harbin, Beijing plain and Peizhuangcun of Weinan. the site may be assigned, to the Late Pleistocene in age | 本文应用花粉分析,对许家窑遗址沉积物的地质时代和古环境进行了探讨。指出:遗址沉积期间的气候比较寒冷,气温比现今低;其时的植被面貌,为森林草原类型;遗址沉积物的地质时代为晚更新世。 | | | | << 更多相关文摘 |
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