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The paper is divided into two parts. The first of these gives a general discussion of the curvilinear congruences. At the beginning, two expansions of the dyadics t and t×t are found, where t is the unit vector tangent to the curve of the congruence. By these results, the formulae of zero tendency and that of zero moment have been established. After this, it gives the value of the divergence of the veetor t div t—t·t and that of the function t·(t)2·t, these expansions indicate the equivalence of the equations... The paper is divided into two parts. The first of these gives a general discussion of the curvilinear congruences. At the beginning, two expansions of the dyadics t and t×t are found, where t is the unit vector tangent to the curve of the congruence. By these results, the formulae of zero tendency and that of zero moment have been established. After this, it gives the value of the divergence of the veetor t div t—t·t and that of the function t·(t)2·t, these expansions indicate the equivalence of the equations div(t div t—t·t)=0 and t·(pt)2·t=0, and the inconsistence between the two different equations of limit surfaces, which are obtained by different methods by C. E. Weatherburn in 1927-1929. But they have no contradiction only in the case of normal congruences. In the second part of the paper contains the extension of the Tchebychef systems of surfaces in the space. By the results of the first part, various theorems are proved connecting the parallel displacement along the parametric curves. Finally for the coordinates congruences, it finds the equations of focal surface, of limit surface, of Ultimate surface…… 本文分两段,前段就一般的曲纹线汇讨论。首先我们求得线汇中任一曲线单位切线的两种并向量式与,其次决定线汇之曲线在任一点任一方向内的趋量与矩量,及零趋量与零矩量公式。随后我们求得向量的散度展开式与函数的数量式,示明方程与方程的相当性,及C.E.Weatherburn氏用不同方法导出的限点曲面的两个互异公式间之矛盾。但它们在正线汇之情形为一致的。后段推广苏联数学家创立的所谓曲面上的捷比西夫系于空间,构成空间的一种曲纹坐标系,并引用前段之结果求其基本性质,分别求得各坐标线汇的焦点曲面,腰点曲面,限点曲面,正点曲面,端点曲面等方程,并论及各坐标面上的基本性质及其等距曲面与其成为平行面族的充要条件。 Based on the finite different equations obtained from small perturbation theory and through a hyperbolic tangent transformation which maps the physical space into a cube, the three dimensional steady and non-steady transonic flows about wings had been computed. The use of relaxation method can reduces the demand on computer memory, and experience have been obtained through test runs. Calculated results are generally in good agreement with wind tunnel tests. 本文用小扰动微分方程的有限差分模拟法计算了ξ、η、ζ均为[-1,+1]的正立方体中的三维定常与非定常跨音速机翼的绕流流场。松弛迭代法减少计算机存贮量。计算结果表明:本方法不光节省计算机时,而且与实验结果吻合得很好。非定常绕流尚存在频率极限的限制。 Based on the basic characteristics of the blood flow in human arteries, we estimated the magnitude order of every term in the Navier-Stokes equations describing the motion of the blood and in the Lamb equations describing the motion of the vessel wallo Then, we classified the human arteries into four different models refering to the numbers of Womerley's a and the rates of h/d (where his the thickness of the vessel wall and d is the diameter of the vessel). In this paper, we have derived different... Based on the basic characteristics of the blood flow in human arteries, we estimated the magnitude order of every term in the Navier-Stokes equations describing the motion of the blood and in the Lamb equations describing the motion of the vessel wallo Then, we classified the human arteries into four different models refering to the numbers of Womerley's a and the rates of h/d (where his the thickness of the vessel wall and d is the diameter of the vessel). In this paper, we have derived different equations corresponding to the different models, then, from these equations, we have obtained, not only some classical expressions of wave speeds, but also some new wave speeds which were not found before. 本文根据人体动脉中血液流动的基本特征,首先对描述血液运动的Navier-Stokes方程和描述管壁运动的Lamb方程进行量级估计,并依照Womersley数α以及动脉管的壁厚h与直径d之比的大小,将人体动脉归结为四种不同的模型。本文推得了不同的模型各自对应的基本方程组,并借助于这些方程组导得脉搏波波速的表达式。除了得到一些经典的波速结果之外,本文还得到了一些新的波速表述式。
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