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In this paper,with a petroleum sulfonate selected as surfactant,the formulation of microemulsion systems in tertiary oil recovery was researched by orthogonal design and equation coefficient method.It was the first time the orthogonal design method was applied in the formulation investigation.Through this method more information could be obtained in as less experiments as possible.In a shorter time the formulation was found out:The con- centration of surfactant was 2%,the low limit of standard values for... In this paper,with a petroleum sulfonate selected as surfactant,the formulation of microemulsion systems in tertiary oil recovery was researched by orthogonal design and equation coefficient method.It was the first time the orthogonal design method was applied in the formulation investigation.Through this method more information could be obtained in as less experiments as possible.In a shorter time the formulation was found out:The con- centration of surfactant was 2%,the low limit of standard values for dilute systems.The interfacial tensions of the system was 3.30×10~(-4)mN/m.The solubilization parameter was about 11-12.In simulating test the oil recovery by microemulsion flooding was 94.6% for residual oil after waterflooding. As concerning to the equation coefficient method,different equations were derived for different bassical and additional alcohols.When the basical alcohol was water-soluble isopropanol,the equation was obtained as:lnS~*=ln〔-0.198A-0.0481(C_s-3.15)+f'(ACN)〕 +0.019(t-28).When it was oil-soluble n-butanol,the equation was:ln〔S~*+0.0481(C_s- 3.15)〕=0.212(ACN)+f'(A)+0.019(t-28)-2.37.With crude oil taken as oil phase,satis- factory formulations were obtained through above equations. 以石油磺酸盐(3A)为表面活性剂,应用正交试验设计和方程系数法开展了微乳液驱油体系的配方研究。正交试验设计法能在较短时间内给出配方,所得配方的表面活性剂浓度为2%(稀体系的规定指标),体系的两个界面张力均达到超低(3.30×10~4mN/m),增溶参数为12,室内驱油效率为94.6%。对于方程系数法,不同的基醇和追加醇所对应的方程不同。基醇为水溶性醇时,lnS~*=ln〔-0.198(A)+f′(ACN)-0.0481(C_s-3.15)〕+0.019(t-28);基醇为油溶性醇时,ln〔S~*+0.0481(C_s—3.15)〕=0.212(ACN)+f′(A)+0.019(t-28)-2.37。以原油为油相时,用上述方程能得到满意的配方。 The author analyzes the applicable limits of the different equations now used for calculating the crank shaft torques,points out the matters needing attention by calculating the torques with the torque factor method, and expounds the relations between the various simplified equations. 分析了现有游梁式抽油机曲柄轴扭矩各种计算公式的应用范围,指出了《升举法采油工艺》一书在论述游梁式抽油机四连杆机构效率方面的错误,指出了在应用扭矩因数法计算扭矩时应当注意的问题,并阐明了各种简化公式之间的关系,作为正确计算游梁式抽油机曲柄轴扭矩时的参考。 Accurate log interpretation for development well with high water cut is a new problem to be solved. In the development of a water flooded oilfield. formation parameters are changing continuously with the progress of injected water flooding and the increase of water cut. So at the period of different water cut different parameters should be used for log interpretation for water flooded formation. With this concept, different equations of basic parameters are set up for different water... Accurate log interpretation for development well with high water cut is a new problem to be solved. In the development of a water flooded oilfield. formation parameters are changing continuously with the progress of injected water flooding and the increase of water cut. So at the period of different water cut different parameters should be used for log interpretation for water flooded formation. With this concept, different equations of basic parameters are set up for different water cut. Thick formation is subdivided and formation water resistivity of each separate layer is determined so as to interprets the water flooded formation producing with different water cut. This approach is demonstrated with case studiesof Zhong 1 area, Gudao, Shengli Oilfied. 胡杰等.高含水期开发井测井储层评价.测井技术.1994.18(2):125~132高含水期开发井测井储层评价是一个新的课题。注水开发的油田.在开发过程中.随着注入水的推进和含水率的提高,油层参数也在不断变化。因而在不同的含水期要采用不同的参数进行水淹层的测井解释。本文以注水开发油田开发过程中油层参数变化为基本概念,在不同含水期建立不同的基础参数方程、厚层细分和分层求地层水电阻率来解决各个含水期的水淹层解释问题。以胜利孤岛中一区为例,论述这一基本概念和解释方法。
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