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The paper describes application laws of single floating seal with cone endface. Applications in practice show that the seal can used to drilling rig for deep well, with good performances even lossing the balance at 6.0 X10~5 Pa. 本文介绍锥形端面单浮动密封的应用规律,并通过实际应用证明:这种密封适用于深井钻机的滚刀中。在60×10~5Pa压力下,在失去平衡时,这种密封仍有较好的密封性能。 The water increase aim can be achieved by explosion treatment in a conditioned rock core deep well. However, selection of the explosion position is the key for success. This paper presents the necessary conditions of the expltsion well and the method for determination of the explosion position in different causes dead wells. The effects of the method can be proved by a case study. This method has a certain guiding meaning for the dead wells explosion treatment in the similar hydrogeological conditions.... The water increase aim can be achieved by explosion treatment in a conditioned rock core deep well. However, selection of the explosion position is the key for success. This paper presents the necessary conditions of the expltsion well and the method for determination of the explosion position in different causes dead wells. The effects of the method can be proved by a case study. This method has a certain guiding meaning for the dead wells explosion treatment in the similar hydrogeological conditions. 具备条件的岩芯深井,可以通过爆破处理达到增水目的。然而、爆破位置的选择是成败的关键。该文提出了爆破井应具备的条件及不同地层不同成因的废井.爆破位置选择的方法。并以实例说明效果。对于相同水文地质条件下的废井爆破处理.有一定指导意义。 In this paper,the karst collapse is classified into two types. One is the collapse of the roof of karst cave in limestone and another is the collapse of the roof of earth cave in cover formed by the movement of karstic groundwater. Furthermore, the later is also distinguished into two kinds, one is the collapse of clayey cave and another is the collapse of sandy cave. The formation mechanism of every type of karst collapse is expounded. The karst collapse occurring in Wuhan just is the collapse... In this paper,the karst collapse is classified into two types. One is the collapse of the roof of karst cave in limestone and another is the collapse of the roof of earth cave in cover formed by the movement of karstic groundwater. Furthermore, the later is also distinguished into two kinds, one is the collapse of clayey cave and another is the collapse of sandy cave. The formation mechanism of every type of karst collapse is expounded. The karst collapse occurring in Wuhan just is the collapse of sandy caves. The paper points out that the basic approach to prevent and control the collapses is to understand the cause for their formation. At first, one should clarify the destribution of karstitied limestone, especially the area in which the limestone is covered directly by sand layer is generally potential to collapse so it may be regarded as a high dangrous area. Secondly, it is necesary to understand the movement of karstic groundwater, especially the dynamic factor causing serious vertical variation of karst groundwater table, such as water puming from a deep well. To remove the dynamic factor could prevent the collapses essentially. The effective countermeasure to treat collapse pits seggested in the paper is filling up them and sealling up their passage to karst piping. 按岩溶塌陷的类型 ,对其成因机制作了分析。在此基础上 ,提出了武汉市岩溶塌陷勘查与防治工作要点
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