Only strictly controlling the temperature can it be prepared what needed especially for the Cobalt, Manganese precursors because of many chemical valence.
However, after doping Cr3+ or Ni2+ ion, it will lose some initial capacity. The lower of the dopant amount and the dopant element chemical valence are, the greater losses of the initial capacity are.
It is found that the activity, selectivity and resistance to carbon deposition of the treated cutalyst were improved, and the chemical valence of Ni, composition distribution and crystal stucture on the surface of catalyst did not change.
The following conclusions are drawn:(1) A molecular formula for an intermetallic compound so complicated like γ-Al_(12)Mg_(17) has its chemical valence structure interpreted satisfactorily for the first time.
Research on the surface composition,chemical valence and depth distri-bution of elements of the ion-beam activated electrode,applying XPS and AES,showsthat the electro-catalytic activity of electrode is closely related with the W content of thesurface.
Using an ionic model to treat the high Tc YBa2Cu3O7-x systems, the differences of the total energies for different ionic charge distributions have been calculated. The relationships among the carrier concentration, the chemical valence of copper and oxygen ions and the oxygen vacancy concentration are investigated.
The composition and structure of the passive film on Pb-Sn alloys were studied by X-ray photo electron spectroscopy(XPS) in order to determine the chemical valence number and existing state of alloying elements in passive layers and to elucidate the effect of Sn content on the electronic conductivity of the passive layers.
Research on the surface composition,chemical valence and depth distri-bution of elements of the ion-beam activated electrode,applying XPS and AES,showsthat the electro-catalytic activity of electrode is closely related with the W content of thesurface.
The composition and structure of the passive film on Pb-Sn alloys were studied by X-ray photo electron spectroscopy(XPS) in order to determine the chemical valence number and existing state of alloying elements in passive layers and to elucidate the effect of Sn content on the electronic conductivity of the passive layers.
It is found that with the increase of R_2O content the chemical valence of cr changes from Cr~(3+) through Cr_(5+) to Cr_(6+) and in certain extent of glass composition, the three states of Cr_(3+), Cr_(5+), and Cr~(6+) can exist simultaneously.
The X _ ray powder diffraction data were firstly reported in the paper. Binding energy of Nb3d5/2 in Ba3NaBiNb10O30 and the chemical valence of Nb were determined, they are 206.75 eV and +5, respectively.
A simple hierarchical data structure (tree) and associated set of algorithms (written in Mathematica) have been developed that permit the direct manipulation of the topology of a molecule while simultaneously maintaining valid chemical valence.
The one-electron density matrix extracted from the optimized wavefunction at each point has been used to generate the relevant sets of quantum chemical valence parameters.
Natural orbitals for chemical valence (NOCV) are defined as the eigenvectors of the chemical valence operator defined by Nalewajski et al.; they decompose the deformation density (differential density, Δρ) into diagonal contributions.
On the basis of"The Empirical Electron Theory of Solids and Molecules" recently published by the writer,analyses of the valence electron structures of the α,β, and γ-Al_(12)Mg_(17) phases in the equilibrium diagram of Al-Mg binary system are made. The result seems satisfactory. The agreement between the theoretical and experimental bond lengths are,in general, with △D/D% smaller than 0.06%, only few are within 0.10—0.11%. The following conclusions are drawn:(1) A molecular formula for an intermetallic...
The application of Mssbauer spectroscopy to the study of heterogeneous catalysis is briefly described. Examples of chemical information obtained from M(?)ssbauer parameters for chemical valence, positions of certain cations in zeolites, support interactions, surface and bulk mobility of active compounds, as well as their particle size, etc, are cited in illustration of this new tool. The M(?)ssbauer isotope may be used as a chemical probe. For elements without M(?)ssbauer effect, it...
The effects of V, Ni, Co, Be and Ag on Escherichia coli were studied. The results show that the order of comparative toxicities of these metallic ions on E.coli is: Ag>Be>Co>Ni>V. In addition, the effects of V~(5+) and V~(4+) were compared. The microorganisms can change the chemical valence of the vanadium, thereby changing its toxicity.
chemical valence
化合价
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