The remarkable chemical achievements on alchemy and traditional medicines in ancient China were summrized by six respects,that is to say,mercury chemistry,lead chemistry,arsenic chemistry,aluminous chemistry,gunpowder and the other.
Through comparative research on the ancient alchemy of China and the West, this paper emphatically analyses the similarities and particularities between China and the West with regard to their material bases of emergence, the objectives they were after,their theoretical systems, and their operating methods.
Part III discusses the Arabic resource of experiments in European alchemy, including emphasis on the experimental concept, experimental principals, laboratory apparatuses, experimental means and methods, and the new recognize to substance from experiments.
Through comparative research on the ancient alchemy of China and the West, this paper emphatically analyses the similarities and particularities between China and the West with regard to their material bases of emergence, the objectives they were after,their theoretical systems, and their operating methods.
religious and learnning background:on the quality of alchemists. theories and technique of alchemy. Meanwhile, it analyses the reason why Chinese alchemy could not transform into the modern chemistry.
For cultivating techniques,Ge Hong researched the relation between body and mind,discussed leechcraft and alchemy,etc,and pointed out that favorable virtue could provide the cultivating people with a good social environment.
Through comparative research on the ancient alchemy of China and the West, this paper emphatically analyses the similarities and particularities between China and the West with regard to their material bases of emergence, the objectives they were after,their theoretical systems, and their operating methods.
religious and learnning background:on the quality of alchemists. theories and technique of alchemy. Meanwhile, it analyses the reason why Chinese alchemy could not transform into the modern chemistry.
The mercury theory occupied the main position in the Chinese alchemy after Wei Boyang's works of "Zhou Yi Can Tong Qi"in DongHan Dynasty, therefore the mercury was also called as "the lord of the hardware" and "the most effective medicine".
(2) Daoism's alchemy practice for a long time involved in much knowledge such as chemistry, biology, medicine and pharmacy, and left precious wealth to the ancient chinese science and technology. But due to lack of the entire process, hypothesis-testing-conclusion, of the Western experimental science, Daoist's alchemy did not ascend to geniune level of science and technology at length.
This article uses chemical illustrations to demonstrate the gradual shift from alchemy, with its allegorical illustrations, to descriptive, diagrammatic drawings.
This article discusses the general problem in calculating interfacial free energies in solids and describes a new method for antiphase boundaries and chemically disordered systems: simulated alchemy.
Alchemy or Science Compromising Archaeology in the Deep Sea
The results from these calculations are compared to the crystal structure and to similar calculations performed on CMPO using ALCHEMY2,3.
Davis, 1997) were created, based on participant-invoked metaphors: personal rebellion against colonization, stage productions, collection and accumulation, journey home, and alchemy and metamorphosis.
The present paper consists of five parts:(1)a general consideration of chinese alchemy and alchemists from Chin-Han(秦汉)period to the North and the South Dynasties(南北朝),(2) chief chemical contributions made,(3)the material and intellectual sources of chinese alchemy, (4)transmution of met Is and the dissolution of gold specially considered,(5)relation of chinese alchemy to medicine. The whole subject is considered from materialistic historical view-point. Thus it is treated in more extensive...
The present paper consists of five parts:(1)a general consideration of chinese alchemy and alchemists from Chin-Han(秦汉)period to the North and the South Dynasties(南北朝),(2) chief chemical contributions made,(3)the material and intellectual sources of chinese alchemy, (4)transmution of met Is and the dissolution of gold specially considered,(5)relation of chinese alchemy to medicine. The whole subject is considered from materialistic historical view-point. Thus it is treated in more extensive and consistent manner thanhas ever been done.
Since Tang Dynasty, straw and woody drugs were widely used in Chinese alchemy.The paper is divided into three parts.1. The straw and woody drugs which are not recorded in "Pen Tsao Kang Mu"~1)are collected. They are from two sources:a. In "Peng Lai Shan Hsi Tsao Huan Tan Ko"~3), there is one song for each drug. In all 172 straw or woody drugs (of them, 85 drugs have no songs), most of these drugs are not recorded in "Pen Tsao Kang Mu". For each song, there are song name, popular name, and book name, I...
Since Tang Dynasty, straw and woody drugs were widely used in Chinese alchemy.The paper is divided into three parts.1. The straw and woody drugs which are not recorded in "Pen Tsao Kang Mu"~1)are collected. They are from two sources:a. In "Peng Lai Shan Hsi Tsao Huan Tan Ko"~3), there is one song for each drug. In all 172 straw or woody drugs (of them, 85 drugs have no songs), most of these drugs are not recorded in "Pen Tsao Kang Mu". For each song, there are song name, popular name, and book name, I can not find rhem from existing Pcn Tsaos. They may be from a lost "Pen Tsao".~2)b. From alchemicalcal books, over one hundred straw and woody drugs, which are not recorded in "Pen Tsao Kang Mu" are found. The drug names are collected and recorded.~3)2. There is no paper on the secret name of straw and woody drugs. I collect the secret names. They consist of two kinds. One kind is similar to the secret name of stony drugs. The other kind consists of secret names, each of them is ending with two Chinese characters "Lung Ya".~4)3. The different names of drugs are collected and recorded. Those which ars recorded in "Pen Tsao Kang Mu" and "Peng Lai Shah Hsi Tsao Huan Tan Ko" are excluded.All these are new new source for studying "Pen Tsao". They are also a part of research works for Chinese alchemy.
自唐代始,中国外丹黄白术普遍使用草木药。此文分为三部分: 1.外丹黄白术书籍中,有《本草纲目》未见著录之草木药: a 在《蓬莱山西灶还丹歌》中,每药一歌,共172草木药(其中85味药无歌),《本草纲目》几乎皆未著录。每药有歌名,俗名,书名)。《白云仙人云草歌》所著录草药亦然。b 自现存外丹黄白法,有一百味以上草木药,《本草纲目》未见著录,兹汇集之。2.草木药隐名迄今尚无专著。兹将此诸隐名收集。诸隐名可分为二类:其一似石药隐名,其二末附龙芽二字。3.汇集草木药异名,取自现存外丹黄白法。《蓬莱山西灶还丹歌》有记载者除外。某药有二名,其中之一见《本草纲目》而其二不见于本草纲目者,亦录入之。