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It is fristly reported that hydroguinone (HQ) as urease inhibitor used in the clay soil and the sandy loam soil, the measure could effectively alleviate the restraining affect to nodulation and activity of nodule fixed-N of nodulated soybean caused by urea hydrolysate and its followed oxidate. The results were showed as following:1 . There were no adverse effects on the growth of soybean seedings and the primary nodulation within the concentaticn of 40 ppm HQ; whereas, the number of primary nodulalion was significantly... It is fristly reported that hydroguinone (HQ) as urease inhibitor used in the clay soil and the sandy loam soil, the measure could effectively alleviate the restraining affect to nodulation and activity of nodule fixed-N of nodulated soybean caused by urea hydrolysate and its followed oxidate. The results were showed as following:1 . There were no adverse effects on the growth of soybean seedings and the primary nodulation within the concentaticn of 40 ppm HQ; whereas, the number of primary nodulalion was significantly inhibited as HQ concentation increased over 40 ppm because the root system was deformed and the growing was contralled.2. HQ(10 to 50 ppm)could increased to the absorbing O2(79.4 to 86.1%) and the activity of succinic dehydrogenase (124.2 to 138.4%) in the active nodule isolated from the growing period of soybean.3 . Boths data from the experments of the pots and the small areas of fields suggested: as urea hydrolysis was alleviated by HQ, the number of dulation and activity of noduled fixed-N (acclylence reduction activity) were inhibited by urea was significantly decreased. The analysis of solution nitrogen form from the soybean xylem sap (amide, ureide and nitrification) further indicated the tight correlation between the nitrogen form of soybean plant translate from root to aboveground and the translate intensity of soil nitrogen or intensity of odule fixed-N (ureides relative abundance).4 . Because the soil urease activity was enhanced by applying the wheat -straw, the number of HQ might he increased, and meanwhile, the inhibi-tation of urea on the nodulation and activity of nodule fixed-N were totally removed by applying wheat-straw as the "nitrogen factor effect" and provide abundant soil nitrogen resources were offered for the seed-growing of soybean. 首次报导了在白浆土和砂壤土上使用氢醌(HQ)抑制土壤脲酶活性,有效地缓解尿素分解产物及其随后的氧化产物对大豆结瘤和固氮活性的抑制效应,结果表明:1.HQ浓度在40PPM以内对大豆幼苗生长及初生结瘤表现促进作用;进一步提高HQ浓度将使大豆根系生长受阻变态而阻止结瘤。2.HQ(10—50PPM)提高了离体活性大豆根瘤类苗体悬液的耗氧量(79.4—86.1%)和琥珀酸脱氢酶活性(124.7—138.4%)。3.盆栽和田间试验证实,由于HQ缓解了尿素的分解,从而颇大减轻了尿素对大豆结瘤和固氮(乙炔还原活性)的抑制效应;通过大豆木质部中溶质氮形态(酰胺、酰脲和硝酸盐)的分析进一步证实了,大豆植株从根部向地上部运输的氮素形态同土壤氮转化强度和根瘤固氮强度(酰脲相对丰度)之间的紧密联系。4.由于麦秸还田土壤脲酶活性提高,故应提高HQ剂量;与此同时,通过麦秸的“氮因子效应”便能完全解除尿素对大豆结瘤固氮的抑制,并为大豆籽实发育提供了丰富的土壤氮源。 To study the effects of acid precipition on soil microbial activity, columns containing samples of mountain forest soils ( 0 - 5cm) from Nanning and Liuzhou were leached with a continuous application of 1280mm of simulated precipitation (pH5. 6 - 3. 1). The extent of reduction of soil respiration depended on the characteristics of soil and the pH of acid rain. The nitrification was significantly inhibited by simulated acid rain of pH3. 1. The stimulating or inhibiting effect on organic nitrogen mineralization... To study the effects of acid precipition on soil microbial activity, columns containing samples of mountain forest soils ( 0 - 5cm) from Nanning and Liuzhou were leached with a continuous application of 1280mm of simulated precipitation (pH5. 6 - 3. 1). The extent of reduction of soil respiration depended on the characteristics of soil and the pH of acid rain. The nitrification was significantly inhibited by simulated acid rain of pH3. 1. The stimulating or inhibiting effect on organic nitrogen mineralization in soil following continuous treatment of simulated acid rain of pH3. 7 and pH3. 1 depended on the soil characteristics. The effects of simulated acid rain on soil enzyme activities was stimulated, inhibited, or not affected depending on the characteristics of soil and enzymes. 本文通过对广西南宁、柳州山地森林土壤(0~5cm)进行模拟酸雨(pH5.6~3.1)土柱淋溶试验,连续淋溶1280mm模拟酸雨,研究了酸雨对土壤微生物活性的影响。酸雨对土壤呼吸作用抑制的程度与土壤特性及雨水酸度有关。pH3.1的模拟酸雨使硝化作用受到显著抑制。pH3.7、pH3.1的模拟酸雨连续淋溶有机氨的矿化作用激活或抑制取决于土壤本身特性。对土壤酶活性产生激活、抑制或无影响,与土壤及酶特性有关。 The restraining rate and lasting time to soil urease activity by hydro-quinone has positive correlation with the HQ strength and negative correlation with the soil urease activity. HQ can effectively restrain the volatilization of ammonia been dressed in soil and produce strong restraint to the nitrification strength of urea and ammonium salt.In soil dressed wheat stem, as urease activity is increased, the hydrolysis speed of urea that be dressed into soil is accelerated, so the usease of HQ should be... The restraining rate and lasting time to soil urease activity by hydro-quinone has positive correlation with the HQ strength and negative correlation with the soil urease activity. HQ can effectively restrain the volatilization of ammonia been dressed in soil and produce strong restraint to the nitrification strength of urea and ammonium salt.In soil dressed wheat stem, as urease activity is increased, the hydrolysis speed of urea that be dressed into soil is accelerated, so the usease of HQ should be added. While as the N factor effect of wheat stem, the catabolite and oxidized product of urea are fixed, thus the possible urea loss continued after the Hq become invalid is made up. 1.氢醌对土壤脲酶活性的抑制率及其持续的时间同氢醌浓度成正相关,与土壤脲酶活性成负相关。2.氢醌能有效地抑制施入土壤中尿素氨的挥发,而对铵盐和尿素的硝化强度产生强烈抑制。3.在麦秸还田土壤中,由于脲酶活性增高而提高了施入尿素的水解速度,故需提高氢醌用量;但由于麦秸的“氮因子效应”又固定了尿素分解产物及其氧化产物,从而弥补了氢醌失效后可能造成氮素的继续损失。
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