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The loess plateau is located in the middle reaches of the Huanghe Rivar inthe central part of China with a total area of ahout 530,000km~2. of whichthe eroded area reaches about 430,000km~2. The grievous water and soil erosionin history not only caused the ecological enviornmant in this region to becomeworse gradually and an all-round degradation of agriculture, forestry andanimal hushandry but also brought about serious threat to the regrons in thelower reaches of the Huanghe River.After the founding... The loess plateau is located in the middle reaches of the Huanghe Rivar inthe central part of China with a total area of ahout 530,000km~2. of whichthe eroded area reaches about 430,000km~2. The grievous water and soil erosionin history not only caused the ecological enviornmant in this region to becomeworse gradually and an all-round degradation of agriculture, forestry andanimal hushandry but also brought about serious threat to the regrons in thelower reaches of the Huanghe River.After the founding of the New China,the Party and tha People's.Governmenthave paid great attention to the protection and control of water and soil erosionin this region,and also worked out a series of principles and done much workon large-scale water and soil protection and water and soil conservation research.Thus,great achievements have been obtained. And yet, judging from requirementsof the integrated control and prevetion of water and soil erosion on the loessplateau,work done has not obtained realistic effects In order to do aneffective work in this respect, based on our many years' experiences andsummary of the historical experience, we hold that much work has to be doneon the following respects:(1)Every.means possible should be tried to keep the ecological balance so as to obtain the prevetion of water and soil loss on the loess plateau.(2) In order to keep the ecological balance, the integrated control of waterand soil loss must be conducted.(3) Implemention of ratfionul land use and approaches of improving landproductivity can be closely associated with each other.(4) A good job must be done in the basic measure such as planting treesand grasses in the integrated control of water and soil erosion.(5) In the loess hilly and gully regions, grassland dovelopment, artificialplanting grasses and converted land planted to grasses should be mostly insistedon in planting grasses and trees While attention must also be paid to thetransformation of farming systems.All in all, the nermanent confrol of water and soil erosion on the loessplateau must follow the ecological principles in order to obtaine its objective. 今年十月一日是中华人民共和国建国三十五周年纪念日。为了反映我国干旱半干旱地区农业科研工作三十五年来的主要成就,进一步推动旱区农业研究工作,我们特约请山仑、李银锄同志就黄土高原水土保持方面的科研工作写了这篇文章。黄土高原是我国干旱半干旱地区的主要组成部分,水土流失问题又是这一地区生态环境恶化,农林牧业生产发展的主要限制因素之一。我们热诚期望本地区的科研工作者进一步加强此项研究工作并做出新的贡献。 In the last few years, scientific research and controlling practices on the problems of desertification strengthened furtherly the concrete theoritical researches on the issues and provided a good foundation for the detail rec g-nization of the importance of the worldwide concerned problem. It is attempted to discuss the ecological principles of desertification process and its rehabilitating measures, and it is expected to evoke a heated discussion and bring relevant scientists' attention and interests... In the last few years, scientific research and controlling practices on the problems of desertification strengthened furtherly the concrete theoritical researches on the issues and provided a good foundation for the detail rec g-nization of the importance of the worldwide concerned problem. It is attempted to discuss the ecological principles of desertification process and its rehabilitating measures, and it is expected to evoke a heated discussion and bring relevant scientists' attention and interests on the problem, with the presentation of superficial opinions, and benefit from different viewpoints on the disasters. Definitionally, desertification resides its meaning in the network of alternative interactions amongst natural environment, biology and human society and the desertification is originated in the processes of dislocation of the interrelation among above-mentioned three aspects. 近年来,所开展的有关沙漠化问题的研究工作和防治实践已为该问题的理论深化提供了坚实的基础。本文 图就沙漠化过程及其防治措施的生态学原理进行讨论,虽见解肤浅,但望能藉此引起有关专家对此问题的关注和兴趣,以便共同切磋,从中得到有益的帮助。 沙漠化,其定义本身就已表明,它属于自然环境——生物——人类社会相互交织作用网络中,并产生于其间关系失调过程中。因而讨论沙漠化生态学原理,须包括沙漠化发生的生态学机理、沙漠化过程的生态学属性、沙漠化程度的生态学计价及沙漠化土地恢复的生态工程等四个方面的内容。 Stereoscopic agriculture (SA) is an important way of solving the problems of big population and Small land in our country,which has wide developing prospect.In order to make SA develop scientificly,this paper has discussed the character of SA structure and the ecological principles of its construction, and illustrated the design of SA structure by taking the rainfed agriculture in the loess hilly and gnlly region of northwestern area as an example. 立体农业是解决我国人多地少的一条重要途经,发展前景广阔。为了使立体农业科学地发展,本文论述了立体农业结构的特点和立体农业建设的生态学原理,并以西北黄土丘陵区旱地农业为例说明了立体农业结构的设计。
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