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This paper consists of 5 parts:1) Historical investigation into the methodology of psychology.2) Concerning experimental methods in psychology.3) Concerning statistical methods in psychology.4) Concerning methods of class analysis.5) Natural experimental methods in psychology.The paper shows that from the point of view of methodology, psychology is backward, and this is one of the reasons for its slow development. The paper shows from the history of the development of psychology that the experimental and... This paper consists of 5 parts:1) Historical investigation into the methodology of psychology.2) Concerning experimental methods in psychology.3) Concerning statistical methods in psychology.4) Concerning methods of class analysis.5) Natural experimental methods in psychology.The paper shows that from the point of view of methodology, psychology is backward, and this is one of the reasons for its slow development. The paper shows from the history of the development of psychology that the experimental and statistical methods used by bourgeois psychology are carried out under the impact of metaphysical methodology, and hence incapable of disclosing true psychological phenomena; nevertheless, these two methods can yield effective results under the guidance of the methodology of dialectical materialism.The paper points out that the method of class analysis is used to analyse class relations in society, not individual psychological activities.The paper advocates extensive use of natural experimental methods in research in educational and child psychology. “科学随着方法学上获得的成就而不斷跃进。方法学每前进一步,我們便彷彿上昇了一級阶梯,于是我們就展开更广闊的眼界,看見从未見过的事物。” The paper presents a historical review of modern cognitivepsychology. It discusses the internal and external factors leading to thebirth of this particular discipline. The effects of related disciplines, in-formation theory, cybernetics, computer science and N. Chomskylinguistics are the external events leading first to major changes withinthe realm of psychology and eventually to the introduction of moderncognitive psychology. The historical development of psychology is theinternal factor. The author... The paper presents a historical review of modern cognitivepsychology. It discusses the internal and external factors leading to thebirth of this particular discipline. The effects of related disciplines, in-formation theory, cybernetics, computer science and N. Chomskylinguistics are the external events leading first to major changes withinthe realm of psychology and eventually to the introduction of moderncognitive psychology. The historical development of psychology is theinternal factor. The author argues that it was the combination of thesetwo factor that have brought cognitive psychology into being. 本文从外因与内因相结合,外因通过内因起作用的观点分析了认知心理学产生的历史背景。外因主要是信息论、控制论、计算机科学和乔姆斯基语言学的影响。内因主要是早期实验心理学的心理主义传统的影响,特别是冯特、顿德斯、屈尔佩、格式塔心理学、新行为主义以及近代布鲁纳的新观点等的影响。 The article centres on the topic of introspection as a basic problem inpsychology. Making reference to history of psychology in the West, itdiscusses the early controversies over introspection and the views held byclassical. modern and Chinese psychologists towards the subject. Theauthor approves the value of introspection. Meanwhile he points out itsdifficulties and obstacles and the ways to overcome them. In conclusion,the author calls for treating introspection adequately, exploring andimproving introspection... The article centres on the topic of introspection as a basic problem inpsychology. Making reference to history of psychology in the West, itdiscusses the early controversies over introspection and the views held byclassical. modern and Chinese psychologists towards the subject. Theauthor approves the value of introspection. Meanwhile he points out itsdifficulties and obstacles and the ways to overcome them. In conclusion,the author calls for treating introspection adequately, exploring andimproving introspection to speed up the development of psychology inChina. 本文围绕内省这一心理学基本问题,结合西方心理学的历史,论述了对内省的早期争论、古典内省、现代心理学主要学派和我国心理学界对内省所持的态度,总结了内省的历史功绩,肯定了内省的可用性和积极意义,也指出了内省的困难及其克服途径。论文最后的结语主张正确对待内省,加强对内省的研究,以促进我国心理学的发展。
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