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The natural convective heat transfer in fluid saturated porous media within a rectangular enclosure heated from below and cooled at the top,both isothermally,while the rest walls are adiabatic,is investigated for the 2-dimensional case,numerically.Rayleigh numbers range from 30 to 300. The indication of the onset of convective flow with the first critical Rayleigh number Ra_c at 40 is verified by the present analysis.The variations in flow field,temperature distribution and heat transfer with the increase... The natural convective heat transfer in fluid saturated porous media within a rectangular enclosure heated from below and cooled at the top,both isothermally,while the rest walls are adiabatic,is investigated for the 2-dimensional case,numerically.Rayleigh numbers range from 30 to 300. The indication of the onset of convective flow with the first critical Rayleigh number Ra_c at 40 is verified by the present analysis.The variations in flow field,temperature distribution and heat transfer with the increase of Rayleigh number are shown.Correlations of Nusselt number Nu with Rayleigh number Ra at various aspect ratios are given in order to facilitate the heat transfer calculations. 对底面恒温加热顶面恒温冷却、其它壁面绝热的矩形闭合空间内多孔介质中的自然对流传热问题,简化为二维模型进行数值计算和分析,在Ra≤300范围内,揭示了流场、温度场和换热效果随瑞利数(Ra)变化的特性,证实了从导热向自然对流开始过渡的第一临界瑞利数 Ra_c=40,给出了努谢尔特数(Nu)、瑞利数(Ra)和形状比(A)之间关系的理论计算公式和曲线。 Some pheuomena which can not be interpreted with tradirional hydrodynamic theory were found through careful observation of groundwater regimc. Starting from the elasticity and permeability of water-saturated porous media, the properties of storage and flow of groundwater in elastically deformed confined aquifers were discussed. The gen(?) differential equation and the expression of (?) coefficient (S_s)of groundwater flow through three-(?)sional-elastically deformed confined aquifer were derived. It is... Some pheuomena which can not be interpreted with tradirional hydrodynamic theory were found through careful observation of groundwater regimc. Starting from the elasticity and permeability of water-saturated porous media, the properties of storage and flow of groundwater in elastically deformed confined aquifers were discussed. The gen(?) differential equation and the expression of (?) coefficient (S_s)of groundwater flow through three-(?)sional-elastically deformed confined aquifer were derived. It is pointed out that: (1)S_s is a constant which is not affected by the flowing of groundwater; (2) the effect of stress or strain on the pore pressure or water level in wells is a wide-spread phenomeuon, The causes of groundwater microbehavior are explained theorelicaly. 在细微的地下水动态观测中,发现了一些传统水文地质学理论难以解释的现象。本文从含水介质的弹性和渗透性入手,讨论了承压含水层在弹性变形条件下,地下水的贮存和流动特征,导出了三维弹性变形承压含水层中地下水运动的一般微分方程及贮水率(S_S)的一般表述式。指出贮水率(S_S)是一个不受地下水流动影响的常数,含水层的受力或变形对孔隙压力或井孔水位的影响是一种普遍现象。从理论上解释了各种地下水位微动态的成因机理。 This article utilizes the theory of mixtures to formulate a general theory of wave propagation with mass-coupling effect in fluid-saturated porous media. An attempt is made to discuss the physical interpretation and the thermodynamic restriction of the coefficients appearing in the equations obtained. By the comparison it is shown that Biot's classical theory and the present one are essentially consistent. Also, wave velocities in some special cases are calculated, from which it is concluded that mass-coupling... This article utilizes the theory of mixtures to formulate a general theory of wave propagation with mass-coupling effect in fluid-saturated porous media. An attempt is made to discuss the physical interpretation and the thermodynamic restriction of the coefficients appearing in the equations obtained. By the comparison it is shown that Biot's classical theory and the present one are essentially consistent. Also, wave velocities in some special cases are calculated, from which it is concluded that mass-coupling and permeability of media greatly affect wave propagation behavior. 本文按照混合物理论严格地推导出了饱和孔隙介质的一般波传播理论.该理论的重要性在于包含了质量耦合作用,并为研究该问题提供了理性基础和实用方程.本文对所得方程中的系数的物理意义和热力学限制进行了讨论.通过比较认为本文的理论和Biot古典理论基本上一致.本文还对完全透水、完全不透水和具有刚性固体骨架的介质的无边界条件下的波传播问题进行了研究,得到了一些有意义的结论.
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