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In this paper, an introduction to the history of Mathematies Olympic and the situation that China takes part in it are given.The author expounded the character and usefulness of Olympic Mathematics; and pointed out that it is a "secondary mathematics" lies between the school mathematics and the mathematics, playing a role as bridge; and also illustrated that it is significant to offer a course of Olympic Mathematics and study it in normal colleges. 本文介绍了数学奥林匹克的历史以及我国参加数学奥林匹克竞赛的情况。文中阐述了奥林匹克数学的特点及其作用,指出这是介于中学数学与大学数学之间的“中间数学”,它起着桥梁作用,提出在师范院校开设奥林匹克数学的课程与研究是有意义的。 Under dual economic structures, China has the comparative advantage in fund-intensive goods production, but because of lacking good domestic price mechanism, this comparative advantage is difficult to be brought about; in fact, China takes part in international division of labour and international trade under comparative disadvantages; the expansion of import and export engenders deficit in national value, intensifies the shortage in supplying internal industrial and agricultural products and inflation,... Under dual economic structures, China has the comparative advantage in fund-intensive goods production, but because of lacking good domestic price mechanism, this comparative advantage is difficult to be brought about; in fact, China takes part in international division of labour and international trade under comparative disadvantages; the expansion of import and export engenders deficit in national value, intensifies the shortage in supplying internal industrial and agricultural products and inflation, and degrades the consumption level possi- 中国在二元化经济结构条件下,具有资本密集型产品生产方面的比较优势,但由于缺乏完善的国内价格机制,这一比较优势难以发挥;中国实际上是以比较劣势参与国际分工和国际贸易的,进出口规模的扩大使国民价值发生亏损,加剧了国内工农业产品供给的短缺和通货膨胀,降低了国内消费者在封闭经济条件下可能达到的消费水平。因此,中国必须实行贸易保护政策,加强国家对外贸活动的控制和干预。 The preparation of Nd-Fe-B magnets was started in China from 1983. Since then so many universities and research Institutes are involved in the research and development of Nd-Fe-B magnets. At the same time the producing of Nd-Fe-B magnets increased very sharply. Now China takes the second place by her annual output of Nd-Fe-B magnets after Japan. A review of Nd-Fe-B magnet industry in China and her aspect is given in present paper as a memory for her decade. 中国NdFeB磁体的研制始于1983年,此后全国如此众多的大学和研究所均介入NdFeB磁体的研究与开发。与此同时,NdFeB磁体的生产也迅速增长。今天中国NdFeB磁体的产量仅次于日本,位居世界第二。本文评述中国NdFeB磁体产业的发展现状和前景,以作为我国NdFeB磁体产业10年历程的纪念。
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