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In a semi-continuous apparatus, Shenfu coal was extracted by supercritical water, toluene, 90% water+10% tetralin and 90% toluene +10% tetralin. The effects of the four solvents on the extraction process were investigated. The results indicated that extraction of Shenfu coal with the four solvents can all get high liquid yield that is 2.65~5.72 times of the yield of Fisch-assay tar oil. Using toluene as a solvent, the conversion and gas yield are lower than using water as a solvent, but extract... In a semi-continuous apparatus, Shenfu coal was extracted by supercritical water, toluene, 90% water+10% tetralin and 90% toluene +10% tetralin. The effects of the four solvents on the extraction process were investigated. The results indicated that extraction of Shenfu coal with the four solvents can all get high liquid yield that is 2.65~5.72 times of the yield of Fisch-assay tar oil. Using toluene as a solvent, the conversion and gas yield are lower than using water as a solvent, but extract yield is hihger than that extracted by water. Extraction with toluene has a physical process before 300℃, but extraction with water has not. The addition of 10% tetralin to water or toluene has a signficant improvement on conversion and extract yield. 本文以我国新开发的特大煤田——神府煤为研究对象,在半连续装置上,以水、甲苯以及水和甲苯中分别加入少量四氢萘为溶剂进行超临界萃取研究。详细地考察了无机溶剂水、有机溶剂甲苯及供氢溶剂四氢萘对萃取过程的影响。实验结果表明,超临界萃取是神府煤的有效利用途径之一,萃取物产率是铝甑焦油产率的2.65~5.72倍,萃取物中以预沥青烯为主要族组分;以甲笨为溶剂,萃取率高于以水为溶剂的;在水及甲苯中加入少量四氢萘,均可以大幅度地提高萃取率。 By using supercritical water, the desulfurization in hard coal and cooking coal fromGuizhou Province have been determined at 35O'C and 4OOC near the critical temperature of water.The results show that the desulfurization is better at 40OC,and its rate decreases with increasingpressure. However,it is necessary to consider the opposit0 effect of increasing water/coal ratio.The optimum desulfurization rate is contr0lled by the duration 0f reacti0n,but the quality of coalbecomes worse apparently... By using supercritical water, the desulfurization in hard coal and cooking coal fromGuizhou Province have been determined at 35O'C and 4OOC near the critical temperature of water.The results show that the desulfurization is better at 40OC,and its rate decreases with increasingpressure. However,it is necessary to consider the opposit0 effect of increasing water/coal ratio.The optimum desulfurization rate is contr0lled by the duration 0f reacti0n,but the quality of coalbecomes worse apparently with increasing oeaction time. The conoent of ooganic sulfur in coal di-rectly affects the desulfurization.The experimental results in alkaline hydrothermal solution indicate that the desulfurizati0nrate of hard coal is higher than that of cooking coal after one-day-long reaction. And the desulfur-ization rate of cooking coal is decreased with increasing duration of reaction. In optimum reactiontime there is an apparent difference between the methods of supercritical water and alkaline hy-drothermal solution. 通过超临界水对贵州地区无烟煤及炼焦煤的脱硫实验研究,测定了在水的临界温度附近(350和400℃时)煤的脱硫率。研究表明,温度高(400℃)对煤的脱硫比较有利,而压力增大,脱硫率相对降低,同时需考虑水煤比的相反影响。最佳脱硫享受反应时间的制约,反应时间长,煤质下降显著。煤中有机流的含量可能对脱硫效果产生直接的影响。超临界碱液脱硫实验的初步研究表明,反应1d,无烟煤的脱硫率高于炼焦煤,并且随反应时间增长,炼焦煤的脱硫效果呈下降趋势,对最佳反应时间的不同要求或许是超临界碱液与超临界水脱硫的最大差别。 The oxidation of coal in supercritical water was investigated by using O2 decomposed in situ from H2O2 as the oxidant. The results indicated that the sulfur and nitrogen contained in coal were gradually converted into SO42 and N2 respectively by oxidation in the supercritical water medium. The coal oxidation became faster with higher reaction temperature and higher concentration of H2O2. 研究了煤炭在超临界水中氧化的基本规律,实验表明在以超临界水为介质的情况下,煤炭氧化过程产生的溶液冷却减压后产生的气相中无有害气体; 其中所含的硫、氮逐步转化为SO42和N2; 煤炭氧化的程度随温度、H2O2水溶液的浓度增加而加快,反应温度的影响尤其显著.
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