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| The carmine spider mite (CSM. Tetranychus cinnabarinus) is one of the most economically important insect pests on upland cotton in the Southern China. The purpose of this investigation is to test the inheritance of cotton resistance to CSM infestation. The data in the segregating generations of both F_2 and BC, supported that the CSM resistance in Chuan 98. an upland cotton derived from a natural hybridization between Gossypium hirsutum and G. barbadense, was controlled by one gene. Heritabilities... The carmine spider mite (CSM. Tetranychus cinnabarinus) is one of the most economically important insect pests on upland cotton in the Southern China. The purpose of this investigation is to test the inheritance of cotton resistance to CSM infestation. The data in the segregating generations of both F_2 and BC, supported that the CSM resistance in Chuan 98. an upland cotton derived from a natural hybridization between Gossypium hirsutum and G. barbadense, was controlled by one gene. Heritabilities in broad sense for the resistance ranged from 0. 44 to 0.61. An incomplete dlallel analysis indicated that the additive effect was significant or highly significant for the CSM resistance whereas the dominance gene effcet was absent. Moreover. there was no significant difference on the CSM infestation between upland cotton cytoplasm and exotic ones. | 采用F_2分离世代,不完全双列杂交和同核异质系等研究了棉花对叶螨抗性的遗传变异和胞质效应。结果表明,海岛棉对棉叶螨的抗性主要受加性基因效应支配,显性效应不显著;将其抗性转移到陆地棉背景中后鉴定发现,抗螨性广义遗传力为0.44～0.61,受主效基因(暂时定名为S_1)控制。将中棉、草棉、长萼棉、异常棉、哈克尼西棉、海岛棉、墨西哥棉和蓬蓬棉细胞质转移到陆地棉后,对棉叶螨为害没有显著影响。 | Verticillium wilt is one of the most severe diseases of cotton and is known to oc-cur in most cotton growing areas of the world.The progresses was reviewed of the re-search of the differentiation of V. albo-atrum and V. dahliae and cotton resistance inheri-tance.It was generally accepted that the pathogenicity differentiation existed among thestrains of the Verticilium species. The type of inheritance of cotton resistance to the fun- gus was different among the materials used for evaluation,especially... Verticillium wilt is one of the most severe diseases of cotton and is known to oc-cur in most cotton growing areas of the world.The progresses was reviewed of the re-search of the differentiation of V. albo-atrum and V. dahliae and cotton resistance inheri-tance.It was generally accepted that the pathogenicity differentiation existed among thestrains of the Verticilium species. The type of inheritance of cotton resistance to the fun- gus was different among the materials used for evaluation,especially in Gossypium hirsu- tum. In order to efficiently develop the varieties resistant to various straing of forms of thefungus,such problems need further study, | 棉花黄萎病是世界各主要产棉国家和地区普遍发生和危害最重的病害之一，本文综述了棉花黄萎病菌致病力分化与寄主抗病性遗传研究进展。病菌种内存在着明显的致病力分化。寄主抗病性的遗传在种间和种内材料间亦存有差异。为了定向而有效地培育抗病品种、合理进行品种布局，对此类问题仍需进一步研究和探讨。 | Under 24℃ and 12 : 12 (L : D) photoperiod conditions, the diapause rates of cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner)) populations collected from Beijing (population B) and Wuxue (population W) of Hubei Province were determined as 80. 32 % and 53. 00% , respectively . The diapause sensitivity of B and diapause insensi-tivity of W were selected for 5 and 14 generations in the laboratory, respectively, the results showed that there were no significant changes in the diapause rates of B, while that of W was... Under 24℃ and 12 : 12 (L : D) photoperiod conditions, the diapause rates of cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner)) populations collected from Beijing (population B) and Wuxue (population W) of Hubei Province were determined as 80. 32 % and 53. 00% , respectively . The diapause sensitivity of B and diapause insensi-tivity of W were selected for 5 and 14 generations in the laboratory, respectively, the results showed that there were no significant changes in the diapause rates of B, while that of W was obviously decreased and stabilized at 20% -30%. The results of reciprocal crossing tests showed that the mean dominance degrees of DWB and DBW were -0. 2059 and -0. 4467, respectively, indicated that there was no evident sex-linked inheritance between the two populations. The results of Chi square analysis on the B1's diapause characters of backcrosses were not conformed to single-gene-control regulation, suggesting that the diapause inheritance of cotton bollworm was controlled by more than two incomplete recessive genes. | 采自北京和湖北省武穴市的棉铃虫(Helicoverpa armigera H(?)bner)在24℃、12:12(L:D)光周期下的滞育率分别为80.32％和53.00％。对北京种群的滞育性和武穴种群的滞育不敏感性分别进行5代和14代选育,北京种群(B)的滞育反应无明显变化,而武穴种群(W)则稳定在20％～30％之间,表明武穴种群存在较大的遗传异质性。对二者的杂交试验显示,显性系数D_(WB)和D_(BW)分别为-0.2059和-0.4467,无明显的伴性遗传现象。对回交一代即B_1代滞育性状的x~2检验表明,棉铃虫滞育的遗传由2个以上不完全隐性的基因控制。 | | | | << 更多相关文摘 |
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