Based on this model, the seismic interval velocity was calculated by the Dix formula and the strata pressure was computed by the Fillippone formula for the overpressure data volume.
The trace integral method and the relative interval velocity inversion using Walsh function are theoretically comparied. Model and field seismic data are processed using these two methods.
In 3 -D prestack depth migration. iterative modifications of velocity models and depth models arc performed through directional depth migration and 3 - D tomography to set up accurate layer velocity model thus realize accurate imaging.
When the offset distance is smaller on the wellhead, the layer velocity obtained with straight line and the refraction line is matched with that of actual formation velocity.
When the offset distance is bigger, the layer velocity derived with the straight line is no longer appropriate, but the layer velocity derived with the refraction line is still accurate.
Aimed at surveying area's practical situation,listed some examples under double layer velocity using general average in time-depth conversion error analysis,and put forward countermeasures to eliminate errors.
For the well to be drilled where only the seismic layer velocity is available, the mapping relation between the seismic layer velocity and the well-log information can be used to reconstruct the virtual well-log a-coustic velocity (AV) .
This paper presents a modified version of the Frazer's simulated annealing method for calculating interval velocities. The synthetic seismograms are forward calculated using a convolution model, and the error's energy is defined using the L1 norm.
It first writes a first-category Fredholm integral equation for the convolution equation, then determines the unknowns - acoustic impedances from the integral cquation using Walsh function and finally transforms the acoustic impedances into a set of relative interval velocities.
Luodai gas field is lithologic gas trap controlled by structure. The reservoir, dominated by sandstones within sand shale interbeds in Penglaizhen Formation of Upper Jurassic, is very thin in thickness and very low in seismic horizon velocity.
According to the data of seismic horizon velocity of predrilling and log information of top hole,picked up are seismic characteristic parameters that are compressed,then established is the relation model between the horizon velocity and sonic differential time(SDT). We predict the SDT of stratum bellow the bit with the model,and further improve the prediction accuracy of formation porous pressure of the stratum.
Where gas hydrate concentrations are greater in more porous media, a significant amplitude blanking can be achieved with relatively low interval velocity.
The hydrate cements the grains of the host sediment, thereby increasing its velocity, whereas the free gas below the base of hydrate stability zone decreases the interval velocity.
This refinement makes it possible to ensure the smooth matching of the turbulent boundary layer velocity profile with the outer flow and to extend the range of validity of the law to the case of large positive pressure gradients.
A transformation relating the similarity solutions of the boundary-layer velocity and temperature profiles associated with different values of the mixed thermal boundary condition parameter was obtained.
The authors present a method for estimation of interval velocities using the downward continuation of the wavefield to perform layer-stripping migration velocity analysis.
This is attributed mainly to the low hydrodynamic energy, in particular weak currents (near-bottom maximum 1- and 8-min-interval velocities were only 26.1 and 14.2?cm s-1, respectively), and limited fine-grained sediment supply by rivers.
A continuous reflector (C), possibly of Cretaceous age, is identified between layers having seismic interval velocities of 2.4-2.8 km/s and 3.1-3.4 km/s.
Therefore, this method is a good choice for two-point ray tracing problems in horizontally layered velocity model and is efficient enough to be applied to a wide range of seismic problems.