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Genetic relationships were studied among 23 isolates of Sphaeropsis sapinea collected from China, the United States, England, South Africa and Chile by using a random amplification of a polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analytical method.
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Restriction endonucleases (RENs) were detected in 650 microbial strains isolated from water columns and bottom sediments of deep rift lakes, Baikal (Russia) and Nyasa (Southeastern Africa).
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During the first period, the primary natural foci in Eurasia were formed and, during the second period, synanthropic (rat) and secondary natural foci appeared with the participation of humans in Africa, The New World, and on some tropical islands.
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Identification and Genesis of the Mixed-Layer Lizardite-Saponite Phase in a Kimberlite Pipe, South Africa
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In autolithic breccia of a kimberlite pipe in South Africa, the ordered mixed-layer lizardite-saponite phase was first identified in rocks containing a mechanical mixture of lizardite and saponite or only saponite in association with lizardite.
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| Zhi Fang Wai Ji (1623) of the Italian Jesuit missionary Julio Aleni (1582-1649)is the earliest book on world geography written in Chinese. When the Ming Dynasty was changing into the Qing Dynasty, knowledge of the earth, the five continents (six continents in reality) as well as longitudes and latitudes was already accepted and elaborated in China. For the continents and oceans in the book, 41 continental countries, 21 island countries (or islands), 27 names of sea and oceans and 2 sea routes connecting China... Zhi Fang Wai Ji (1623) of the Italian Jesuit missionary Julio Aleni (1582-1649)is the earliest book on world geography written in Chinese. When the Ming Dynasty was changing into the Qing Dynasty, knowledge of the earth, the five continents (six continents in reality) as well as longitudes and latitudes was already accepted and elaborated in China. For the continents and oceans in the book, 41 continental countries, 21 island countries (or islands), 27 names of sea and oceans and 2 sea routes connecting China and the West were introduced. Merchant ships of China then only sailed to SoutheastAsia, the Arabian Peninsula and the east coast of Africa,involving more than 90 countries. Because of Zhi Fang Wai Ji, China's understanding of world geography and geographical mapmaking was deepened, and its people gradually began to understand and study the advanced science and technology of Europe. At the same time, recognition of countries of Southeast Asia, the Persian Gulf, the Arabian Sea, the Red Sea and the Mozambique Channel by China also substantiated the content of the world's regional geography. | 艾儒略的《职方外纪》是用中文写成的最早介绍世界地理知识的著作之一。有关地球形状、五大洲(实为六大洲)及经纬度知识,明清之际已被我国接受并有所发挥。五大洲及海洋各论共介绍大陆国家42个、岛国(屿)21个、海洋名称27个及连接中西的两条海上航线。通过比较,当时我国海上航行只是前往东南亚、何拉伯半岛及非洲东岸,认识国家90余个。《职方外纪》深化了我国关于世界地理及地理制图的认识,推动了国人了解和学习欧洲的先进科技。 | Abstract The article assumes that the Silk Road Studies has gone through three stages and that it covers an extensive investigation of cultural exchanges through all ages in history ranging from the whole of Asia to Europe and Africa.The investigations have made Silk Road Studies a system,not just a simplistic accumulation where various historiographies are piled up,and as a result,provided the proof that cultural exchanges have ever been bidirectional since the very beginning. | 丝绸之路学的对象和范围建宽一一般地说,任何一门独立的学科,都具有其相对独特的构成条件和基础,这是不言而喻的。但作为一门有存在价值的学科,就其学术研究的发展水平而言,能否结合该学科研究的历史和现状,勾勒出这门学科相对的研究史,应该是这门学科是否已经走向... | Abstract The article deals with a vast expanse of territory along the ancient Silk Road which linked China with the Middle and West Asia,Eruope and Africa in the process of culiural communications and exchanges. And this stretch of area. called Helong,owing to many conditions such as its special geographical position, political and economic situations in suceseeive dynasties,etc.,not only plays an important part,but also provides large quantities of ancient cultural relics,historic sites and blankfilling... Abstract The article deals with a vast expanse of territory along the ancient Silk Road which linked China with the Middle and West Asia,Eruope and Africa in the process of culiural communications and exchanges. And this stretch of area. called Helong,owing to many conditions such as its special geographical position, political and economic situations in suceseeive dynasties,etc.,not only plays an important part,but also provides large quantities of ancient cultural relics,historic sites and blankfilling treasurable materials for our further research into the evolution of the Silk Road. | 丝绸之路与陇上文物丝绸之路是横贯欧、亚、非大陆的文化交流之路。这条道路的开通,不仅使天山南北地区与内地连为一体,而且使中国同中亚、南亚以及地中海沿岸地区的经济、文化联系日益密切。如果把丝绸之路从长安向东延伸,经沿海口岸东渡日本,那么万里丝路就像一条无... |   | << 更多相关文摘 |
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