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To find out the reasons for declining physical ability in females during puberty, a survey was conducted in May-June 1983 among 2,959 girl students aged 11-20 at 11 middle schools in Beijing. Among them 623 at four schools were kept under three years' follow-up observation. Eleven items, including morphology, functions and physical attributes, were tested by the same methods as in the national physical tests among children and youth conducted in 1979. Results of the survey showed that the declining physical... To find out the reasons for declining physical ability in females during puberty, a survey was conducted in May-June 1983 among 2,959 girl students aged 11-20 at 11 middle schools in Beijing. Among them 623 at four schools were kept under three years' follow-up observation. Eleven items, including morphology, functions and physical attributes, were tested by the same methods as in the national physical tests among children and youth conducted in 1979. Results of the survey showed that the declining physical ability in females during puberty was mainly due to lack of physical exercise and could be prevented if the girl students went in for regular physical training in a way that suited their physiological and psychological features. 为了探讨女子青春期体能下降的原因。1983年5~6月我们对北京11所中学11~20岁年龄组的2959名女学生进行了剖面调查,并对其4所中学623名女学生进行了三年纵向追踪观察。测试的项目有形态、机能、素质等11项指标;测试方法同1979年中国青少儿体质测试细则。研究结果表明,女子青春期身体素质的下降现象,主要原因是体育锻炼不足,只要根据女学生的生理、心理特点、组织她们不间断地参加体育锻炼,就可避免以上现象的发生。 Objective To find the main reasons of bringing about student ametropia at the stage of middle school. Methods Four schools were chosen simply at random (two rural schools and two urban schools) Not only was the refraction of all the students examined,but also the intensity of illumination in their classes, the lighting coefficient and the lighting angle were examined. The evely day time of outdoor activities and learning time were also examined. Results The myopic students and eyes... Objective To find the main reasons of bringing about student ametropia at the stage of middle school. Methods Four schools were chosen simply at random (two rural schools and two urban schools) Not only was the refraction of all the students examined,but also the intensity of illumination in their classes, the lighting coefficient and the lighting angle were examined. The evely day time of outdoor activities and learning time were also examined. Results The myopic students and eyes were all more In urban districts than that in the countryside(X2 = 86. 40, P<0. 001 ). The Low vision state becomes more serious as the ages increase (P 目的:调查中学阶段学生视力状况,研究产生屈光不正的主要影响因素。 方法用单纯随机方法,选择有代表意义的农村与市区中学各两所,对所有在校生进行屈光测定,并测定教室照度、采光系数与采光角,填写户外活动时间与每天学习时间。 结果城市中学近视人数和眼数均高于农村(X2=86.40,P<0.001),随着学龄的增长,视力不良状况亦逐渐加重,呈正相关关系r=0.927,P<0.01)。男女性别间无差别。高中阶段明显高于初中阶段(X2=21. 04,P<0. 01)。 结论影响近视发生的因素有:学习负担重,户外活动少,大气污染与学龄长等。提示预防近视应科学地安排作息时间和充足的户外活动。 To Study the prevalence of atopic dermatitis in youngsters in Naning city. Methods:2 249students aged 7 ~ 18 years in four schools in Nanjing was surveyed. Results:The prevalence in the youngsters was 0.89%, with 1 .25% and 0.48% in urban and rural areas respectively. As for sex distribution,the prevalences in boys and girls was 1.68% and 0.82% in the urhan area, cosmpared with 0.80% and 0. 18% in the rural area.Conclusions: (i )The prevalence of atopic dermatitis in the urban area was higher than that... To Study the prevalence of atopic dermatitis in youngsters in Naning city. Methods:2 249students aged 7 ~ 18 years in four schools in Nanjing was surveyed. Results:The prevalence in the youngsters was 0.89%, with 1 .25% and 0.48% in urban and rural areas respectively. As for sex distribution,the prevalences in boys and girls was 1.68% and 0.82% in the urhan area, cosmpared with 0.80% and 0. 18% in the rural area.Conclusions: (i )The prevalence of atopic dermatitis in the urban area was higher than that in the rural area, it was the same to boys vs girls;(ii )Willians's criteria proved suitable for the survey of 7 ~ 18 year age group students. 目的:了解南京地区青少年异位性皮炎的发病情况。方法:对南京地区4所学校2249名7~18岁年龄段的学生进行普查。结果:1998年5~6月南京地区青少年异位性皮炎的时点患病率为0.89%,其中城市患病率为1.25%,农村患病率为0.48%,城市和农村男性患病率分别为1.68%和0.80%,女性为0.82%和0.18%。同时证实了Williams标准在我国普通人群应用有较好的诊断效率。结论:(1)1998年5~6月南京地区青少年异位性皮炎的时点患病率表现为城市高于农村,男性高于女性;(2)Williams标准适用于我国7~18岁年龄段人群的流行病学调查。
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