Long term application of organic manure or combination with chemical fertilizer could increase the contents of humic acid(HA),fulvic acid(FA), humin and raise the ratio of HA/FA.
The application of organic manure in degraded Shajiang black soils evidently increase the content of rapidly available phosphorus,nevertheless,under the conditions of not increasing the total amount of phosphorus,applying the fertilizer witha certain content of phosphobacteria can help to bring about the transformation from Ca 8-P? Ca 10 -P,etc. to Ca 2-P,Al-P,etc.
Also in all covered treatments the leaching of NO~-_3-N declined. In addition,the application of organic manure could improve the levels of total N,alkali-hydrolyzable-N,NO~-_3-N and NH~+_4-N in the soil. However,the single N treatment had little effect on alkali-hydrolyzable-N.
②The contents of water soluble phosphorus(WSP),Olsen-P and Mehlich3-P increased significantly with the application of PK and organic manure,followed by combined application of organic manure with inorganic fertilizer,but application of inorganic fertilizer alone(NPK,NK) showed a relatively lower effect;
Experiment of applying organic manure on various plums demonstrated that mean single plant yield, mean single fruit weight and commodity rate of Black plum reached 25.6kg, 92.66g and 96.94% respectively after applying poultry dung, which ranged the first among 5 treatments, mean diameter increment reached 3.89%, which raged the third with normal growth.
The results showed that applying organic manure could increase the output of Alfalfa(P<0.01)under the same management,and the treatment Ⅱ was the highest,which was more than treatment I by 14.52%(P<0.05).
While applying organic manure was the most effective way to increase soil organic matter. The contents of soil organic matter was positively correlated with that of soil total nitrogen and CEC(r 1 = 0.959**;r 2 =0.914**).
A long-term plot experiment was conducted in the Sanjiang Plain to study the effect of applying organic manure for years in row on soil humus composition, transformations of Fe, Mn and Al oxides and phosphorus availability.
The mean seasonal flux of CO_2 was from 0.5124 to 0.8518 g·m~(-2)·h~(-1),and that of CH_4 was from-0.0068 to -0.0484 mg·m~(-2)·h~(-1). Compared with CK2,maize planting and organic manure application enhanced CO_2 emission.
Long-term organic manure application with constant NPK fertilizer could increase significantly the content of oxidizable organic matter and total organic matter of soil, decrease Kos value, raise the content of extractive humus acid of soil and the rate of HA/FA, activate and renew HA, improve the quality of organic matter, strengthen the ability of reserves and supply of soil nutrient and improve soil fertilizing ability.
The locate experiment on Yellow fluvo aquic soil 19 years was conducted,the results showed that the content of soil organic matter decreased by 1 54 g·kg -1 with on fertilization,maintained the level of soil organic matter with application of chemical fertilizer,and increased obviously under organic manure application.
The power of K-fixation can be decreased by organic manure application with both kinds of incubation. The capacity of K-fixation decreased 25.71% and 36.62% on brown soil and meadow soil respectively after 15 days of wetting-drying incubation with 6% organic manure applied.
Naked oats yield was increased by 10.8%~26.6% by moving soil 120~240 t/hm 2 in sandy chestnut soil ,which equals to the effects of applying organic fertilizer 15~30 t/hm 2. Ridging +N 120 P 90 K 60 +M 22500 +plastic film covering doubled potato yield and also attained high economic benefits.
but continous applying organic fertilizer or return straw to soil , the number of Bacteria and Actinomyces increased significantly, on themeanwhile,the number of Fungi decreased ,so the ratio of B/F and A/F increased
EFFECTS OF APPLYING FERTILIZER ON. SOIL FERTILITY——Ⅰ. The Effects of Applying organic Fertilizer and Inorganic Nitrogen Fertilizer on the Soil Humus and Physical Character of the Soil
Application of organic manure (FYM + wheat straw) in combination with urea (1:1 N basis) enhanced CH4 emission by 12-20% as compared with fields treated with urea only.