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The system of deposit formation established on the basis of geological phenomenon only possesses some properties and possibilities. Modern principles of deposit formation have been concerned in the essential problems graduully.The stress of research, however,is mostly put on the inspection of reactionary mechanism and its balanced conditions. But the fundamnental mechanism of deposit formation is the separate effect of ma terial constituents.Grounded on the theory of thermodynamicof irreversible processes, it... The system of deposit formation established on the basis of geological phenomenon only possesses some properties and possibilities. Modern principles of deposit formation have been concerned in the essential problems graduully.The stress of research, however,is mostly put on the inspection of reactionary mechanism and its balanced conditions. But the fundamnental mechanism of deposit formation is the separate effect of ma terial constituents.Grounded on the theory of thermodynamicof irreversible processes, it is possible to dig up the separate effect of individual field in a process of deposit formation, such as gravitation field, temperature field, electric field, pressure field, and so on.Then we can obtain the separate effect of composite field on this basis. For example, the constituents with high specific gravity and high ion electric potertial(such as Fe~(3+),Fe~(2+),Cu~(2+),Cr~(3+), etc.) will concentrate favorably, where low pressure and low electric potential superpose each other. But the constituents with low specific gravity and low ion electric potential (such as[Co_3]~(2-),[Si_4O_(10)]~(4-),[AlSi_3O_8]~(1-),etc.)will concentrate favorably,where high pressure and high electric potential superpose each other. 建立在现象基础之上的成矿规律,只能具有某种特殊性与可能性。现代成矿原理已逐渐深入到本质问题方面,但是多侧重于反应机制与平衡条件的分析研究。而成矿作用的根本机制却在于物质组分的分离效应。 根据不可逆过程热力学的基本原理,分析成矿过程个别场的分离效应,如重力场、温度场、电场、压力场等;并在此基础上得出综合场的分离效应,如在低压力与低电位迭加空间最利于比重大离子电位高的组分富集(如Fe~(3+),Fe~(2+)、Cu~3+)、Cr~(3+)等等);而在高压力与高电位迭加空间则利于比重小离子电位低的组分富集(如[co_3]~(2-)[Si_4O_10]~(4-),[AlSi_3O_8]~(1-)等等)。 Yangsanmu crude oil is a naphthenic base, low sulfur content, low pour point, high specific gravity, and high viscosity crude oil. It may be an excellent raw material for the production of some lubricating oils and other special products without dewaxing. 羊三木原油是一种环烷基原油,但其含硫甚少,凝点低,比重大,粘度也小,无需脱蜡即可制取润滑油和其他一些特殊产品. Tritium autoradiography was employed for the identification of: 1. the hydrogen distribution in irons with different purities; 2. the diffusion behavior uof hydrogen in metal under local load for different stress stand; 3. the distribution of tritium in the W alloys, 95%W-3.5%Ni-1.5%Fe, a kind of two-phase alloys consisted from W particles and binder of solution 54.2%Ni-27.1%Fe-20.5%W with high specific gravity and 4. the hydrogen distribution of different zones for the weld joint. It was found that the... Tritium autoradiography was employed for the identification of: 1. the hydrogen distribution in irons with different purities; 2. the diffusion behavior uof hydrogen in metal under local load for different stress stand; 3. the distribution of tritium in the W alloys, 95%W-3.5%Ni-1.5%Fe, a kind of two-phase alloys consisted from W particles and binder of solution 54.2%Ni-27.1%Fe-20.5%W with high specific gravity and 4. the hydrogen distribution of different zones for the weld joint. It was found that the hydrogen distribution of iron is dependent on the purity of iron and the hydrogen solubility in the iron, however, grain boundary of high purity iron cannot be provided preferred sites for hydrogen accumulation site, but grain orientation difference is sensitive for tritium tracer. Tritium redistribution of hydrogen in different purity iron under different plastic deformation by the stress induced hydrogen segregation on the iron. Tritium distribution on the W-Ni-Fe sintcring alloys, even without etching, it is primarily accumulated on the interface of binding phase, which is dependent on relative solubility in two-phase alloys. The distribution of tritium on the different zone of the weld joint shows that hydrogen in the austenite weld, fusion zone. Overheat affected zone of matrix and matrix is different, which is closely connection of the carbon segregation of weld process and structure defect of matrix. 氚自射线照相法是观察低含量氢微观分布的有效手段之一。本工作利用氚示踪法研究:1.在不同纯度Fe中氢的分布规律;2.在局部应力状态下氢的扩散行为;3.在液相烧结钨合金中氢的分布;4.氢在堆焊接头不同区域的分布特征。实验结果表明,氢的分布特性与相结构、应力状态和碳陷阱有关。
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