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The notion of "the first principle" was expounded materially by ancient Greek philosophers like Thales, Anaximander, Anaximenes, Heraclitus, Empedocles,Anaxagoras,Democritus, Epikur. The question marked the starting-point in the study of the fundamental issues of philosophy. In the base of summary, this paper explains the inherent logic of its development and announces the significance of Ontology and Epistemology. 在古希腊哲学中 ,从泰勒斯 ,阿那克西曼德 ,阿那克西美尼 ,赫拉克利特到恩培多克勒 ,阿那克萨戈拉 ,再到德谟克利特和伊壁鸠鲁 ,都对始基问题作物质性阐释 ,并以此为切入点 ,在人类认识史上开启了哲学基本问题的研究。文章试图在概述基础上 ,阐明其演变的内在逻辑 ,从而揭示其本体论意义和认识论意义。 From the literature known so far, we can take Anaximenes′ philosophy as one that uses air monism to explain everything in terms of air. The unification of three aspects, that is, air, attributes of air, and the form of air, constitutes the basic pattern of everything. Anaximenes′ philosophy is the first, in the recorded Western philosophy, to disclose the role of the quantitative principle in the formation of everything. However, it brings forth some logical difficulties at the same time. 根据已知的文献资料,可以把阿那克西米尼的哲学看作以气为最高根据去说明一切的气一元论哲学。气、气的性质、气的形态三者的有机统一构成了一切事物的基本模型。阿那克西米尼的哲学在有记载的西方哲学史上首次揭示了量的原则在事物形成中的作用,但也因此产生了某些逻辑上的困难。
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