The only way to solve the energy supply problem in Tibet is to develop the resource advan- tages in the area and to utilize the advantaged renewable energy resource. A safe and sustainable energy supply system will be established, in which hydropower, geothermal energy and solar energy are used as its principal parts. This system will ensure the harmonious development not only between energy and economy, but also between energy and environment.
The low temperature can be found all over the country. The development trend,the environment protection,economis resource and exploit capability of direct utilization of geothermal energy are introduced.
Combined with the sedimentary burial history and basin geothermal history, the modeling of carbon isotope kinetics provides a new and effective means for the determination of the origin and accumulation history of natural gas pools.
The carbon isotopic characteristics of natural gas are not only affected by the gas source and maturity of the source rock, but also are related to the accumulation condition and geothermal gradient in a basin.
Several natural associations composed of thermophilic anaerobic bacteria capable of utilizing various cellulose materials at 60 ± 2°C and pH 6.0-7.0 were isolated from the sludge of Kamchatka geothermal springs.
Temperature is an important factor affecting seismic velocity, and terrestrial heat flow is the most direct indication of temperature distribution of the lithosphere.
It is assumed that a layer of mantle matter, rising up or going down, enters a region of decompression (in which for a number of reasons the geotherm passes above the temperature of the solidus) and is subjected to partial fusion there.
In basaltic composition, CaCO3 (calcite and aragonite), the major carbonate phase in marine sediments, is altered into MgCO3 (magnesite) via reactions with Mg-bearing silicates under conditions that are 200-300°C colder than the mantle geotherm.
Furthermore, CO2 itself breaks down to diamond and oxygen under geotherm conditions over 70?GPa, which might imply a possible mechanism for diamond formation in the lower mantle.
It has higher resolution and greater depth penetration than the direct current method and is especially fit for geothermal energy exploration and low-and mid-level groundwater detection.