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One can find a highlighted problem of methodology in the evidential patterns applied to the studies of "population in poverty". The method in detail is also opposed to the target pursued by the social work in research and attempt to deal with this issue. In a word, these studies should adopt a pattern other than the evidential one, and develop their process in focus on the subjectivity of the person studied in order to fulfill the solidarity of academic effort with social regard. 以实证范式来研究所谓“贫困人口”存在着突出的方法论问题,具体方法亦与社会工作通过研究来应对该问题的努力目标发生对立。这类研究应站在另类的非实证研究范式下,以更加突出研究对象主体性的方法来开展相关研究,从而实现研究与其社会关切的一致性。 This paper presents a literature review concerning EFL writing in China.Pertinent articles published in seven of the domestic major linguistic journals since 1980s are selected as the research subjects.A careful survey of all the articles shows that firstly,there has been a tremendous increase in the study of EFL writing since 1990s;secondly,in regard to research methods,non-empirical research plays a dominant role with empirical study taking up an increasingly large proportion;thirdly,with respect to the wide... This paper presents a literature review concerning EFL writing in China.Pertinent articles published in seven of the domestic major linguistic journals since 1980s are selected as the research subjects.A careful survey of all the articles shows that firstly,there has been a tremendous increase in the study of EFL writing since 1990s;secondly,in regard to research methods,non-empirical research plays a dominant role with empirical study taking up an increasingly large proportion;thirdly,with respect to the wide range of topics that these researches have covered,domestic EFL writing researches can be roughly divided into six categories,pointing to the existing problems in EFL writings,discussion of different teaching methods,various factors affecting EFL writing,etc.;finally,EFL writers will be attached more importance to in the future EFL writing research,and corpus put into greater use. 本文对20世纪80年代以来我国英语写作研究状况进行了一次文献研究。研究对象为1980年-2003年间国内外语教学7种核心期刊上发表的有关英语写作研究的文章,通过系统的比较分析,结果显示:1)进入90年代以后,我国英语写作研究呈现大幅度上升的趋势;2)从研究方法上看,非实证研究占绝对优势,但实证研究也有显著的增长;3)从研究内容上看,主要涉及6大类,包括英语写作中存在的问题、教学法的探讨以及影响英语写作的因素等;4)从发展趋势上看,我国英语写作研究已经开始由对客体转向对主体的研究,此外,语料库也将会被更加广泛地应用于英语写作的研究中。 There has been a debate on positivism studies among Chinese IR scholars.Starting from a definition of positivism and the question it raises,the author analyzes the applicability of positivism to IR and social studies.The author argues that it is possible and necessary to adopt a positivist approach in IR studies.However,its application is limited to specific fields,such as the observation and description stage of research activities,thus clarifying the misunderstandings about positivism in IR studies. 国内国际关系学界存在着实证研究和非实证研究两类研究取向孰是孰非的争论。从实证主义的含义及其遭受的质疑出发,作者深入阐述了用实证主义研究国际关系和其他社会事实的可能性,认为用实证主义研究国际关系是可能的、必需的,也是有限度的,这种限度就是必须将其限于特定的适用领域——研究活动的观察和描述阶段,从而初步解决了当前国际关系研究中存在的对实证研究的误解或滥用等问题。
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