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      海关     
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  customs
    On the Circulation of the Trade Reports by the Chinese Maritime Customs and Its Influence
    中国近代海关贸易报告的传播及影响
短句来源
    Being Involved in the World: Chinese Maritime Customs and the 1873' Vienna World Fair
    走向世界——晚清中国海关与1873年维也纳世界博览会
短句来源
    Jilin Customs in the Period of Japan's Invasion in Northeast China
    日本侵占东北时期的吉林海关
短句来源
    Employment System of Chinese Customs in Late Qing Dynasty(1854- 1911)
    中国近代海关的洋员录用制度(1854—1911年)
短句来源
    The Imperial Maritime Customs and the International Exhibitions
    晚清海关与国际博览会
短句来源
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  the customs
    The Customs of Later Qing and the World Exposition
    晚清海关与世博会
短句来源
    Discussion of the Customs Post of the Late Qing Dynasty
    试论晚清的海关邮政
短句来源
    Starting from modifying customs rules and regulations, the Nationalist Government reaffirmed the anti-smuggling sovereignty on the sea, abolished the system of Joint Investigation in cases of confiscation and fine by the customs house Authorities, issued Customs Preventive Law, set up Customs Penalty Board of Inquiry and Appeal, resumed China's anti-smuggling sovereignty and the jurisdiction to punish smuggling, and rectified the abnormal phenomena under the control of foreign Commissioner of Customs.
    国民政府从修订海关章程条例入手,重申海上缉私主权,废除了“会讯”制度,颁行《海关缉私条例》和设立海关罚则评议会,恢复了中国海关的缉私主权和走私违章处分的管辖权,扭转了在外籍税务司制度下海关缉私形同虚设的反常现象,在国家法权思想和民族自主精神的基础上奠定了近代中国海关缉私制度。
短句来源
    It begins with the background to the history of the international exhibitions and the reasons for Hart involvements in the activities. The thesis then proceeds to focus on the Customs Service's work at Vienna(1873),Philadelphia (1876), Paris(1878), London (1883, 1884, 1885), Hanoi(1902), St. Louis(1904) and Liege (1905) exhibitions.
    本文以晚清海关与国际博览会的关系为研究对象,从介绍国际博览会历史和分析赫德插手国际博览会事务的原因入手,进而重点阐述和分析晚清海关在1873年维也纳、1876年费城、1878年巴黎、1883-1885年伦敦、1902-1905年河内、圣路易斯、列日等届国际博览会的工作和中国展区的状况、影响以及承办权的转移等。
短句来源
    Then, foreigners started to manage the customs of China, advanced management systems and statistic methods brought in from west countries. But, because of the starting of a new agency, other agencies all had their own statistic methods. Because, there were no national trade statistics, these brought much trouble to custom management.
    外国人接手管理中国海关后,引进西方先进的海关管理制度和统计方法,但最初因新关草创,各关统计方法不一,且没有全国性的贸易统计,给海关管理带来了诸多不便。
短句来源
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  maritime customs
    On the Circulation of the Trade Reports by the Chinese Maritime Customs and Its Influence
    中国近代海关贸易报告的传播及影响
短句来源
    Being Involved in the World: Chinese Maritime Customs and the 1873' Vienna World Fair
    走向世界——晚清中国海关与1873年维也纳世界博览会
短句来源
    The Imperial Maritime Customs and the International Exhibitions
    晚清海关与国际博览会
短句来源
    Reasons for Modern Chinese Maritime Customs Employed Foreign Staff
    近代中国海关雇用洋员的历史原因探析
短句来源
    Between 1867 and 1905 the Maritime Customs Service sponsored no few than 29 international exhibitions under the initiative of the Inspectorate General of the Imperial Maritime Customs, Robert Hart.
    1867—1905年中国海关在总税务司、英国人赫德的策划下承办了中国参加的至少29次国际博览会展览事务。
短句来源
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  chinese customs
    Employment System of Chinese Customs in Late Qing Dynasty(1854- 1911)
    中国近代海关的洋员录用制度(1854—1911年)
短句来源
    The Contrasts between Modern Chinese Customs and the Salary System in Qin g Dynasty
    中国近代海关与清政府的薪酬制度比较——以赫德时期(1863—1911年)为例
短句来源
    On Anti-smuggling System of the Chinese Customs During the Late Qing Dynasty
    晚清海关缉私体制述论
短句来源
    A Brief Study of the Illegal Protocols on the Chinese Customs Issues between Britain and Japan in 1938
    论1938年英日关于中国海关问题的非法协定
短句来源
    Although the Modern Chinese Customs was affiliated with Qing Dynasty , it was a special organization controlled by foreigners .
    中国近代海关是一个隶属于清政府,却又由洋员控制的特殊机构。
短句来源
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      customs
    X-ray fluorescence determination of sulfur and other elements in customs control of oil and liquid oil products
    例句来源      
    There is also no good evidence for or against the theory that postnatal depression is partly the consequence of the customs and rituals that traditionally mark the transition to parenthood being stripped away in developed Western societies.
    例句来源      
    The core of the pantayo perspective lies in the internal interrelationships and the inter-relating of the characteristics, values, knowledges, aims, customs, behaviours and experiences of a cultural whole.
    例句来源      
    There is of course a creative interplay of varied cross-cultural basics in the formation of Mappila culture and their customs and rituals.
    例句来源      
    In 1992 the famous judgment in the Mabo (No.2 case), in the High Court of Australia, determined that the common law of Australia recognised and protected native title claims in accordance with traditional laws and customs.
    例句来源      
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      the customs
    There is also no good evidence for or against the theory that postnatal depression is partly the consequence of the customs and rituals that traditionally mark the transition to parenthood being stripped away in developed Western societies.
    例句来源      
    The Customs officers who determined the presence or absence of containers in the stools were unaware of the ultrasound examination results.
    例句来源      
    Focusing on Turkey and Mexico and their respective regional agreements, NAFTA and the Customs Union with the European Union, this article claims that barriers to entry into regional blocs increased considerably during the 1990s.
    例句来源      
    The Position of the Customs Law in the Legal System
    例句来源      
    The customs policy of the European Union is a foundation of the Union and an essential element in the functioning of the single market.
    例句来源      
    更多          
      maritime customs
    Beginning in the mid-19th Century the Chinese Maritime Customs revenues were collected and controlled by the British.
    例句来源      
    The influence of the Maritime Customs Administration, headed by a British general inspector, grew continuously.
    例句来源      
      chinese customs
    I did not encounter these parental characteristics, so I want to share my experiences regarding Chinese customs toward children and individuals with special needs.
    例句来源      
    the Chinese customs reflected in the Judge Dee stories of Robert Van Gulik).
    例句来源      
    In addition, Chinese Customs authority has also established cooperative relationships with their counterparts in other countries.
    例句来源      
    The results indicate that Chinese customs, tradition and Confucianism are still a part of Chinese corporate culture.
    例句来源      
    Write down in your diary observations of Chinese customs and practices that have caught your attention.
    例句来源      
    更多          



             Before the Opium wars, Western countries complained about the "unequal treatment" they received from the Manchu court. Therefore, they asked the latter to change its foreign affair regulations, but the court refused. They kept on negotiating with China and even resorted to military actions to force China to change its policies. Between and after the two Opium Wars, Western countries forced China to sign a series of unequal treaties and at last obtained "equality". But China lost its sovereignty in politic...
                鸦片战争前,西方国家指责清廷对其不能平等相待,要求清廷改变与外国交往的惯例,为此不断与清廷进行交涉,甚至不惜诉诸武力。经过两次鸦片战争,西方国家迫使清廷与之签订了一系列不平等条约,争得了“平等”,中国却丧失了政治、领土、领海、司法、海关等国家主权,沦为半殖民地,与西方列强毫无平等可言
    文摘来源
             Qing Government sought to levy tax, value of 1% on opium in Hong Kong, in order to resolve financial crisis. The British government demanded that tax, value of 1% on opium, be levied in Macau together at the same time, in order to safeguard its interests on opium in Hong Kong. Robert Hart, the general official of the Chinese Customs and a man of British nationality, submitted to the demand of Portugal to legalize its occupation of Macau, so that he could tighten his control of the Chinese Customs. Robert Ha...
                清政府为解决财政危机 ,谋求在香港实行鸦片税厘并征。英国为了维护其在香港的鸦片贸易利益 ,以葡萄牙在澳门同时实行鸦片税厘并征为条件。英籍中国海关总税务司赫德 ,为扩大其控制的中国海关的权力 ,顺应葡萄牙欲使占领澳门合法化的侵略要求 ,从中斡旋 ,促成中葡北京条约的签订。该条约承认葡萄牙占领澳门是“合法”的 ,为葡萄牙占领澳门提供了 4 0年的条约依据。
    文摘来源
             During the period between the two opium wars, Britain cooperated at first with the Qing government in suppressing smuggling under the consular customs procedure. Then it rescinded its treaty obligation in this regard and finally usurped the administration of Chinese customs to initiate the transformation of Chinese customs and legalize the opium trade. Their aim was to establish an order of “rule of law” to protect its interests at the treaty ports and ensure free trade under the conditions of privileges ac...
                两次鸦片战争期间 ,英国从最初在领事报关制度下协助清政府缉私 ,到取消协助缉私的条约义务 ,进而攫夺中国的海关行政权 ,改造海关和实现鸦片贸易合法化 ,其贯穿始终的核心目标是在通商口岸建立一种符合其利益的“法治” ,以保障其在不平等条约下的自由贸易。而清政府未能自主形成顺应新贸易格局的政府功能 ,结果将建立法治的政府职能以及相应的权益拱手送人 ,从而在“抚夷”的幻象下沦为列强的附庸。
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